The drunkard Kapiton from the story of Mumu. "Mumu" main characters. Essay about Capito

Among writers, Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev was distinguished by great courage, and his works were often subjected to severe censorship. Turgenev's story "Mumu", which is taught to 5th grade students, was banned for a long time. And only thanks to the diplomatic character of the writer the world learned about this tragic and incredibly touching story. Among the main characters of “Mumu” ​​there are not only people, but also a small dog, after which this work is named.

Characteristics of the heroes of “Mumu”

Main characters

Minor characters

In Turgenev's story "Mumu" the characters are presented very vividly and vividly, with complete characteristics that will be most useful when writing an essay on a given topic. For reader's diary curious students It will be useful to know that in the creative piggy bank of Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev there are not only novels and short stories, but also wonderful fairy tales for children.

To compile a description of the hero you need:

1. Read the story "Mumu";
2. Highlight the description of Kapiton in the story;
3. Write an introduction;
4. Write a description of the hero.

Writing an introduction

The story “Mumu” ​​is one of the most famous works of I.S. Turgenev. This short story, telling about the life and fate of the janitor Gerasim. The action takes place in the house of a lady, surrounded by “numerous servants”: these are Gerasim, the shoemaker Kapiton Klimov, the butler Gavrila, the laundress Tatyana, the footman Stepan and others.

We compose a description of Kapiton in accordance with an excerpt from the text

Kapiton appears in the story as a drunkard, and, as he himself put it, he drank only out of grief. The reason was that Klimov considered himself offended by fate, unappreciated. Kapiton considered himself “educated and metropolitan”, who did not deserve to live in the outback.

The action begins with the lady instructing the butler to marry Capiton to the washerwoman Tatyana, so that the shoemaker “settles down.” The problem was that Tatyana fell in love with Gerasim, whom everyone was afraid of. Once he even threatened Capiton when he was being nice to the washerwoman.

When describing Kapiton’s appearance, Turgenev uses the expression “tin eyes,” which means dark, with a cold metallic sheen. Capiton’s “whitish” hair is tousled in different directions.

We interpret the description of Kapiton by other characters

As Gavrila puts it, Kapiton looks “like the devil.” This is confirmed by the sloppy appearance of the shoemaker, which he himself, however, treats quite calmly. A torn frock coat and holey shoes - this is his costume.

TO negative qualities Kapiton can also be attributed to cowardice. Despite the fact that he likes Tatyana, he was “stirred up” by the news of marrying her out of fear of Gerasim.

“You are a dirty soul,” Gavrila calls Klimov. Indeed, Kapiton’s marriage never pacified him; he continued to drink too much and, in the end, was exiled to a distant village for being unfit.

So, Kapiton is a negative hero, with a weak character and repulsive appearance, complaining about life, while at the same time pretty much ruining it for such positive heroes as Gerasim and Tatyana.

Russian writer Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev wrote the story "Mumu" in 1852.

According to contemporaries, it is based on real events that took place in the Moscow house of the writer’s mother, Varvara Petrovna Turgeneva.

This incident made a huge impression on the writer, and he created a small thing. For many critics, she seemed very nice: calm, kind and very sad. A sort of Christmas story, a must-read for children. But this story is truly terrible for Turgenev.

The main character of the story "Mumu" is the janitor Gerasim. He served in the city with an old lady “...Gerasim carried firewood into the rooms...”, did housework, in the yard and stable, and kept watch at night.

Gerasim village peasant, serf:

"...was considered perhaps the most serviceable draft man...".

He is naturally deaf and dumb:

"...Gerasim heard nothing... for him the noisiest day was silent and soundless, just as not even the quietest night is silent for us..."

At the same time, he is a huge Russian hero, of incredible strength:

"...a man twelve inches tall, built like a hero..."

"...he cleaned and rubbed his horse so hard that it staggered like a blade of grass in the wind..."

Gerasim is very gloomy and withdrawn, even his face does not express any emotions:

"...His face, already lifeless, like that of all deaf-mutes..."

His severity was innate, as was his deafness:

"...In general, Gerasim was of a strict and serious disposition, he loved order in everything; even the roosters did not dare to fight in his presence..."

Gerasim didn’t understand the joke either:

“...However, not everyone decided to mock Gerasim: he didn’t like jokes.”

And such a person serves calmly and sedately, working for four people. However, this is not enough for the lady; she wants to control the lives of her servants. First, she passes off the maid Tatyana, whom Gerasim loved, as a drunken shoemaker, and then orders the dog Mumu, in whom Gerasim doted, to be removed because of a simple whim.

But Gerasim is not only not talkative, but also not accommodating:

“After all, you can’t talk to him; after all, you can’t persuade him... in any way...”

And he goes and simply drowns his dog, and then, without looking back, he leaves the master’s house for his village and lives there as a bob until his death.

That seems to be all, a simple story in the spirit of Antoine de Saint-Exupéry and his:

"We are responsible for those we have tamed."

But why is Turgenev and his Turgenev girls so creepy:

“...after all, he will kill me, by God, he will kill me, like swatting some fly... After all, he is deaf, he hits and does not hear how he hits! It’s like he’s waving his fists in a dream...”

Turgenev sees the Russian serf people in the image of the deaf-mute Gerasim. Just as silent, stern, doesn’t understand jokes, hard-working, huge, infinitely strong and ferocious. And in fact, no one tamed anyone. Nobody knows what thoughts the deaf and dumb people are thinking - Gerasim. He is silent.

But today he drowned his beloved dog without flinching, and tomorrow he will throw a rope around the neck of the lady and the landowners. And he will only say affectionately - “Mumu.”

A serf peasant serving as a shoemaker for a lady is one of the negative characters in the work. Through the image of Kapiton Klimov, Turgenev shows the inhumanity of serfdom.

This yard man studied to become a shoemaker in St. Petersburg. Having tasted the metropolitan life, but being returned back to the wilderness, Kapiton feels underappreciated. He, with some reason, considers himself educated, since he has a useful specialty. Dissatisfaction with the circumstances of life and the inability to even try to change them, due to the state of serfdom, gives rise to passive protest in Capito. He starts drinking a lot. Of course, this addiction, which destroys the life of both the alcoholic himself and those around him, cannot be entirely considered a consequence of social injustice and blame only the landowner for everything. Kapiton is shown as a man who nevertheless made his own choice to go downhill and compensate for his dissatisfaction with life through drinking. Turgenev emphasizes torn shoes, which well characterizes the shoemaker’s attitude to life. His reasoning, during which he blames others for his addiction, is typical self-justification.

The lady, of her own free will, marries Kapiton to Tatyana, who is busy washing her clothes. Her goal is undoubtedly good - the mistress wants to correct the drunkard through family life and gives him a good wife. For the owner, this is only an attempt to protect property that costs money from damage.

Marriage not only does not contribute to the correction of the shoemaker and the abandonment of his addiction, but also ruins Tatyana’s life. She would clearly be better off with the kind and balanced Gerasim, despite his physical disability. However, the wishes of the serf ladies are not taken into account. Turgenev wants to emphasize that a system in which some people can dispose of others like things cannot contribute to the improvement of morals. Violence cannot make a person better. The lady's attempt ends in failure, and she sends Capiton along with his wife to a distant village.

Having created the image of an unsympathetic and spoiled person who has given up on everything, Turgenev makes him one of the involuntary instruments with the help of which the serfdom system destroys people's lives. Kapiton wants to marry Tatiana, but only the will of the lady makes his desire come true. Thanks to her, a drunken shoemaker can destroy not only his own life.

Option 2

Many people who may one day get a taste of a higher or at least more educated society later acquire arrogance and disdain for other people. An example of such a person is Kapiton Klimov, who once studied in St. Petersburg and considers himself an educated person.

In fact, Kapiton is certainly far from educated, because, in fact, he studied a simple craft and nothing more. Nevertheless, he yearns like an intellectual who happens to be in exile or in poverty in the village. It is with this that Kapiton partially justifies his own alcoholism, although in reality he is a simple alcoholic worker, a typical guy who loves to drink and is not particularly eager to work.

The lady takes care of her shoemaker Capiton and eventually passes him off as the laundress Tatyana, thanks to whom she wants to set him on the “true path,” that is, to make him a good working man. The lady succeeds in such an undertaking and as a result he becomes a married man, but this state of affairs does not particularly change the character of the hero.

Klimov continues to drink and drinks even more and eventually ends up in exile in another village, where the lady exiles. Initially, such an outcome was quite possible to assume, since Kapiton was always distinguished by his frivolity and inability to bear responsibility. He talks a lot and wisely, but in reality he knows practically nothing and does not want to build a normal family structure, although he really likes Tatyana and even wanted to take a laundress as his wife.

Turgenev describes quite accurately psychological picture this man and speaks with understanding about Kapiton’s true opinion of himself. It is a little difficult to understand whether Kapiton is deceiving himself or actually considers himself unfairly abandoned in the outback, but, one way or another, Kapiton thinks too much of himself.

He considers his situation sad and not allowing him to realize his true potential. In short, he protests against being a worthless hero. Moreover, in fact, he is precisely an incredibly worthless person, and this is the psychological paradox of his personality, which the author so skillfully describes.

Essay about Capito

“Mumu” ​​is considered one of Turgenev’s most popular stories. The book tells about the fate and life of a janitor named Gerasim, who worked for a wealthy lady. Kapiton Klimov worked with him on the estate.

Many people, having been in high or educated society, can become arrogant and treat others poorly. Such a person is Kapiton Klimov. Kapiton considers himself an educated person, since he once studied in St. Petersburg. Klimov is a minor character in the story.

Kapiton is a real drunkard, a spoiled and frivolous person. He worked on the estate of a lady and constantly complained about his bitter fate. The estate was located on the outskirts of Moscow. Klimov believed that he was worthy better life. At the behest of his mistress, the shoemaker married the washerwoman Tatyana. The marriage did not bring any happiness, and Klimov began to drink even more. The poor woman was doomed to suffer for the rest of her life. Tatyana could have married Gerasim, who was in love with her. The lady saw in the shoemaker good man and hoped that he would improve after marriage. Klimov himself did not want to work in the outback, but wanted to live and work in St. Petersburg.

Despite studying in St. Petersburg, Klimov was far from educated. Because he was learning the simple craft of a shoemaker. The need for money forced the hero to become a simple shoemaker. Kapiton justified his alcoholism by his unfortunate fate. And he said that another person introduced him to alcohol. The shoemaker was a man of mature age who did not strive to do his job. After he began to drink even more, the owner sent Klimov to another village with his wife. In addition to his frivolity, the shoemaker was distinguished by his irresponsibility. The hero could talk a lot, uttering wise words. But in reality he did not know how to do anything. He did not particularly try to become a good husband, although he had warm feelings for Tatyana.

For his drunkenness, he constantly received punishments and cuffs. Gavrila's manager called him a slacker who eats his bread for nothing. Klimov constantly told Gavril how he lived in the capital and what he studied. The shoemaker loved to speak colorfully and beautifully. Eloquence was the hero's main weapon. Every day he wore an elegant style - a tattered frock coat and old trousers, long boots with holes.

In the work, the author accurately described the portrait of Capito. It is difficult for the reader to understand Klimov's real intentions. It is also impossible to understand in his behavior whether he is deceiving or telling the truth. Klimov believed that his pitiful situation prevented him from revealing his true potential and skills.

Several interesting essays

• Analysis of the Pawn chapter from the work Journey from St. Petersburg to Moscow by Radishchev

  In this chapter of his own famous work Radishchev, describing the life of the peasants, pronounces his verdict on the state and the ruling class - the nobility.

• Analysis of Nabokov's novel Mashenka

  The work dates back to the period of the writer’s early work and is the author’s first prose creation, a test of the writer’s pen.

• Essay based on Vasnetsov's painting The Princess of the Nesmeyana

  Russian painter Viktor Mikhailovich Vasnetsov painted his painting “Nesmeyana-Princess” in the period from 1916 to 1926. Some critics express the opinion that the painting reflects the situation in Russia at that time.

• Essay description of the painting Morning on the Kulikovo Field by Bubnov

  As you know, the history of mankind is a history of wars. In almost every era, people fight with each other and the reasons for this can be very diverse.

• Essay Why Chatsky is doomed to loneliness (reasoning)

  For many of us, the word loneliness is associated with a certain peculiarity, uniqueness and novelty. Our thinking and perception are influenced by the society around us.

Gerasim – main character story by I.S. Turgenev. Its prototype was the mute janitor of Turgenev’s mother, whose name was Andrei. Revealing the image of Gerasim, Ivan Sergeevich left in him the main qualities of Andrei’s character.

The reader meets Gerasim at the beginning of the work. Before us is a gloomy man, of whom those around him are afraid. And this is not surprising: the hero’s height is about 2 meters, and the author calls his strength heroic. It turns out that Gerasim previously lived in the village, but the lady took him to serve in Moscow. Hard country work hardened the man, so work in the yard was like toys for him. He cleaned the yard well, chopped firewood and carried it into the house, and brought water. At night Gerasim guarded the yard. The janitor was given a closet, which he arranged to his liking. The interior of his little room hints at the spiritual simplicity of the hero.

Nature endowed the hero with a strong physique, but did not give him a voice or hearing. Because of this flaw, the man was withdrawn. He kept himself apart from other servants, but in the courtyard he was respected for his strength. The lady valued such a worker very much, because no one dared to sneak into the yard when Gerasim was there.

When the reader gets to know the hero better, it turns out that under the rough shell hides a kind and vulnerable soul. Gerasim did not like drunkards, and they were afraid of him. He didn't hold a grudge against others. The deaf-mute's chances of starting a family were scanty, but a spark of hope and sympathy flared up in his soul when one day Gerasim saw the washerwoman Tatyana. He liked the meek woman. The man expressed his sympathy in a special way. He brought Tatyana gifts, making sure no one offended her. Warm feelings soon became the cause of deep emotional trauma.

I decided to marry Tatyana to a shoemaker. The old woman did not know about Gerasim’s feelings, and the butler did not dare to tell her the truth. Tatyana agreed to deceive the janitor so that he would leave her alone. She pretended to be drunk, and this really killed the feelings of the deaf-mute. The woman married someone else, and Gerasim was left alone with his misfortune. However, his heart was not hardened.

The man managed to control himself, calm down the pain, and soon he had a real friend. He saved a puppy that someone was trying to drown. After this we see the “new” Gerasim: caring and affectionate. He took out a weak dog and fell in love with her. The man called her by mooing, which is why the dog received the nickname. The mute felt that the dog would not hurt him as the people did.

Unfortunately, the mute janitor's happiness did not last long. The lady noticed Mumu and very soon disliked the animal. She ordered to get rid of the dog. An attempt to sell it was unsuccessful. When Gerasim saw that the lady would not leave his favorite alone, he himself decided to kill Mumu. Before committing a terrible act, the man brushed and fed the dog, showing it his love. One can only imagine how the man felt when he drowned his friend. The loss of a friend awakened a rebellious spirit in Gerasim. He left the lady and returned to the village. For that time it was an unprecedented act. By the way, Andrei remained at court after drowning the dog.

The image of Gerasim shows how life was for serfs, whose fate was decided by their owners, and also hints that sooner or later injustice will come to an end, and the people will begin to rebel.