Soviet region of Crimea: without attractions, but with special people. Soviet district of Crimea: without attractions, but with special people P Soviet Crimea

“Events” continue their tour of the Crimean outback as part of the special project “The brilliance and poverty of the pearl of Ukraine”

The number of residents of the village is 9.9 thousand people.

According to statistics, over 8 months of this year, 313 people were born in the village of Sovetsky and the region, 314 died. 77 marriages were concluded, 25 divorces were registered.

Sovetsky (until 1944 Ichki) is an urban-type settlement, the center of the Sovetsky district of the republic. Located in the northeastern steppe part of the Crimean Peninsula, 105 km from Simferopol.

The territory of the current village and its surroundings was inhabited in the 3rd–1st millennium BC. e. This is evidenced by the remains of settlements and mounds with burials from the Early and Late Bronze Ages discovered here. Scythian burials have also been discovered near the village.

The first mention of the village of Ichki is found in the materials of the Senate Land Survey Department for the Novorossiysk Territory for 1798. It was a small settlement where 21 men and 20 women lived. Since 1941, the village of Ichki (the population reached 5.4 thousand people) became an urban-type settlement. On December 14, 1944, the settlement was renamed and received its current name - the village of Sovetsky.

No sooner had we entered Sovetsky than we saw an interesting sight - some kind of homemade tarantass was driving along the road: a three-wheeled hybrid of a bicycle and a car. Similar bicycle monsters were encountered more than once later, and there are quite a few ordinary two-wheeled ones here. This gave me the idea - s public transport It's a bit tight in the village. And so it turned out: minibuses do not run, and you can only get to any part of Sovetsky from the bus station on buses going to other settlements. For example, to go to the technical school area, you need to take a bus going to the village of Urozhainy.

By the way, Sovetsky welcomes guests with a rather spacious bus station building: old, but neat, clean, painted a vibrant blue. From here you can easily travel to Simferopol, Sudak, Kerch, Dzhankoy. It is more problematic to go to Yalta and Yevpatoria, since the bus goes to these directions only once a day.

There is also a railway station in Sovetsky (Krasnoflotskaya) on the Kerch - Dzhankoy line. The railway divides the territory of the village into two approximately equal parts, and people, like ants, have already made paths right through the tracks, ignoring the equipped crossing.

The population of the village is a separate matter. This is some kind of special people, different from the inhabitants of others settlements who have already visited "Events". Firstly, both women and men are beautifully and tastefully dressed. One gets the impression that such things are simply not sold in Simferopol. Secondly, the residents of Sovetskoye are somehow especially beautiful, both externally and internally. Smiling, cheerfulness, friendliness, cordiality - this is what the natives are all about. The phrases “how can I help?”, “what else can I tell you?”, “stay with us” were the most frequently heard during our stay. Even at the police station, where we visited, they treated the journalists without the usual wariness. True, they didn’t let the duty officer go further, but it was interesting to talk to him: the policeman’s humor was excellent. By the way, the locals seem to go through life with jokes. So, we looked for goat milk at the market for a long time, and when we asked if it was on sale at all, a passing man casually said: “We don’t have goat milk. We ate all the goats!”

Perhaps the people are all that is remarkable about Sovetsky: otherwise, it is an ordinary settlement with ordinary problems.

True, the main street is st. Matrosova - will soon acquire a more civilized appearance: here, for the Village Day, new lamps were installed, paving slabs are being laid, and store facades are being updated. By the way, the latter simply need to be rid of the “Soviet plaque” - bars on the windows, tiled cladding and signs that have long since lost their relevance. For example, above the Camellia store, which sells second-hand items, there is also a Soviet “Tea”, and above a children’s clothing store in the market there is “Roy” and a honeycomb.

Water supply - 4.10 UAH/cube

Water disposal - 3.60 UAH/cube

Cleaning of the local area and garbage removal - from 0.57 UAH to 0.89 UAH per sq. m. meter of living space

Heating is autonomous. Basically, local residents heat themselves using gas boilers and convectors, fortunately there is gas in the village.

Food basket

White bread (brick) - 2.50 UAH

Loaf - 3 UAH

Potatoes - 2.50–3 UAH/kg

Onion - 2 UAH/kg

Buckwheat - 15 UAH/kg

Rice - 10–12 UAH/kg

Sugar - 8 UAH/kg

Chicken eggs - 10 UAH/dozen

Pork (pulp with bone) - 43–45 UAH/kg

Chicken legs - 17.50 UAH/kg

Homemade milk - 8 UAH/liter

Social sphere

There are two lyceum schools, a Crimean Tatar school, and a technical school for irrigation and mechanization in the village. Agriculture(subdivision National University bioresources and environmental management of Ukraine), music school, central regional hospital.

Also in Sovetsky, in special courses you can learn to become a computer typing operator and master spoken English and Spanish.

Work and unemployment

Residents of the Sovetsky district receive a small salary by Crimean standards. As the Statistics Department told Events, the nominal average salary according to data for the first half of the year amounted to 1,623 UAH (the average for Crimea is 2,158 UAH). Over the year, the average monthly salary of district residents increased by 18%.

In Sovetsky, according to residents, it is very difficult to find a job. This is confirmed by statistics. As of October 1, the registered unemployment rate here was 1.4% of the working-age population, with the average figure for Crimea being 1.1%. There were 318 people registered with the employment service, of which 306 had official status unemployed. For one free workplace 9 people are applying here; 34 vacancies were announced at the local employment center as of October 1.

Culture and recreation

The center of life of the village is the Sovetsky District House of Culture. Here, films are shown on a projector for local residents, since there is no cinema in Sovetsky. The films are predominantly documentary and thematic, that is, dedicated to a specific date. Occasionally, theater troupes from the capital come here, for example, the Crimean Tatar Academic Musical and Drama Theater. And local artists from the folk groups “Zhemchuzhina”, “Kalinka”, “Arzu”, “Khoran”, the children’s theater troupe “Malachite”, VIA “Retro-Hit” and “Adrenaline”, etc. are always ready to brighten up the leisure time of the residents of Sovetskoe. There is also a library here, in the building of the House of Culture.

Attractions

It’s very difficult with them in Sovetsky. For example, on the specialized website mistaua.com it says: “Unfortunately, not a single attraction was found in the Sovetsky urban-type settlement section.” And on any other sites you will not find anything interesting about the village (and uninteresting too, since there is very little information about Sovetsky on the Internet).

But we, as guests of the village, can highlight at least one attraction: in the park on the street. Matrosov, an unprecedented number of different monuments and memorial signs are concentrated. There are six of them on a tiny spot: signs in honor of the 80th anniversary of the Komsomol, in honor of the 200th anniversary of the village, in memory of those who saved the planet (liquidators Chernobyl accident), a monument to participants in the Civil and Great Patriotic Wars, a monument to Ichkin residents who died during the Second World War, and a monument to partisans and underground fighters of the Ichkinsky district from grateful fellow countrymen. A little further from them is the seventh monument - to the leader of the world proletariat.

Well, the main attraction of Sovetsky, we repeat, are its inhabitants - sympathetic, kind and beautiful.

Ecology

According to the Main Department of Statistics in the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, Sovetsky is the cleanest of the regions of Crimea. Over the 6 months of this year, 1.7 tons were received into the air basin of the village and region harmful substances(in Crimea as a whole - 15.9 thousand tons). The emissions per person are 0 kg.

Soviet(until 1944 Ichki) - an urban-type settlement, the center of the Soviet Village Council and administrative center.

The area of ​​the village is 1.3 thousand hectares, the population is more than 10 thousand people.

Village Day is the last Saturday of September.

The first mention of the settlement of Ichki (translated from Tatar as “tavern” or “zucchini”) dates back to 1798. The name is most likely associated with the presence of some roadside coffee shop.

In 1805, the lands of the village belonged to three Murzas, they were also used state peasants, the number of which increased to 66 people.

After the war, many Tatars emigrated to Turkey. In the 1860s, in the neighboring village of Mushae (now the territory of the village), 3 courtyards appeared in which 14 Russian settlers lived. In Ichki at that time there were 14 households with a population of 84 people.

In 1892, after the construction of the Dzhankoy-Feodosia railway line, the Ichki station was built, later named Ekaterininskaya.

Timber warehouses, a roller mill, workshops for repairing horse-drawn transport equipment, and artesian wells appeared in the station village.

During the First World War, out of 78 men, 33 were mobilized into the army. Duties were introduced for each household, for which the peasants received pennies.

At the beginning of 1917, there were 100 households with 500 residents.

At the beginning of 1924, an agricultural credit partnership arose, uniting 461 people. It restored the dilapidated mill, purchased 2 tractors and began cultivating the lands of the poorest peasants.

In September 1942, an underground group of local young patriots was created. The underground members distributed leaflets, Soviet newspapers, and books among the population, conducted anti-fascist agitation, delivered information to the partisans about the location of Nazi units, supplied the detachment's fighters with food, and sent people who had escaped from captivity to them.

In 1944 the village was renamed Sovetsky.

In the early 1950s, construction began on the Kirovskoye-Sovetsky high-voltage line, and in 1963 the village was connected to the unified state power grid.

The dairy plant was reconstructed, and construction of the Winzavod began.

Tractors, combines, and vehicles for collective and state farms were repaired in the Selkhoztekhnika workshops.

The Bread Products Plant was widely known. Its high-quality products went to many regions of Crimea and fraternal Soviet republics.

Many residents have received government awards for their labor achievements.

Within the village limits different time settlements included: in 1948 - the village of Staraya Okrech; in 1954-1968 - village Semennoe (until 1948 Mushai), Maryevka (until 1948 Russian Mushai), Zaozernoye, in 1969 - p. Suvorovo (until 1948 Novaya Okrech).

The modern village has a bus connection with republican center, many cities of Crimea, railway station Krasnoflotskaya Pridneprovskaya railway on the Kerch-Dzhankoy line.

In the village there are: the regional museum of “History and Local History”, the House of Culture, 3 secondary schools with the Crimean Tatar language of instruction, the Crimean Technical School of Water Reclamation and Agricultural Mechanization (a structural unit of the Crimean Agrotechnological University), kindergarten, central pharmacy, central hospital, post offices and banks.

The regional ones are open: the local history museum, the library, the Children's and Youth sport school, Center of children's creativity.

In the village park there is an obelisk to the Liberator Soldier, located Mass grave Soviet soldiers and civilians.

On the territory of the village there are: Orthodox church St. Alexander Nevsky, the Muslim community “Ichki”, the Red Cross society, the public organization of entrepreneurs “Perspective”.

Among the funds mass media The regional newspaper “Prisivashye” and “Priazovskaya Zvezda” are published, and the radio program “Studio Express” is broadcast.

The material was prepared by Viktor Grammatikov, great-grandson of Emmanuil Stavrovich Grammatikov (Mariupol), with the assistance of: Vladimir Shlyakhov, great-great-grandson of Ivan Emmanuilovich Grammatikov (Feodosia), Konstantin Zavarzin (Sovetsky town), Andrey Shumkov (St. Petersburg)

In August 2012 railway station village Soviet turns 120 years old. Today we want to remember the Grammatik family, which took a direct part in its creation.

The Grammatik family played a prominent role in the history of Feodosia and the entire Tauride province throughout the nineteenth century.
The ancestor of this family in the Tauride province was Emmanuil Emmanuilovich Grammatikov (with an emphasis on O).
His ancestors once arrived in Thessaloniki (Greece) from Serbia, and in some documents preserved in the Feodosia Quarantine Archive, Emmanuel Emmanuilovich is called a Slav.
Emmanuel Emmanuilovich arrived in Russia in 1795, volunteering, along with other residents of Greece, to participate in the colonization of the southern coast of Crimea.
E.E.Grammatikov arrived in Akhtiar (Sevastopol) and began preparations for contract work in the fleet. From Sevastopol he moved to Feodosia, where he served until 1809 as a translator at customs, and then as an official in the office of the central quarantine office.
Emmanuel Grammatikov sent two of his brothers, Stavro and Georgiy, from Greece, with whom he expanded his contracting business. In a short time, he owned a lot of land that belonged to the Crimean Tatars, who, as you know, faced great difficulties and sometimes simply abandoned their plots. In addition, he owned a fish factory; he owned postal stations, houses, and a guest house.
Emmanuel Grammatikov died suddenly from the plague on December 14, 1829 in Simferopol, where he was buried in the Greek church.
Emmanuel and Smaragda Grammatikov had no children - and they bequeathed all their property, worth 5 million rubles, to Feodosia and relatives.
Here is an excerpt from this will:
“...approaching our old age and imagining death that could follow unexpectedly, moreover, having acquired movable and immovable property by us according to documents in the name of both of us, but not having children, we judged in advance... the importance of this spiritual testament of ours in as follows: (From paragraph 5) ...by our will, we appoint to issue annually out of three one part to all the closest relatives of Emmanuel Grammatikov, that is, from his brother Dmitry to his descendants, nephews and their descendants, and from the last two parts to use the salary of one worthy a teacher of the Greek language, according to the good judgment of society, to teach orphans and poor children to read and write, then to give out benefits as needed to the completely poor who are unable to find food for themselves, and also to make appointments twice a year for the same poor widows, orphans and others before the holidays of the Nativity of Christ and Great Easter, according to the layout of society... in a word, all acquired income should be used solely for beneficial deeds and institutions, without distinction of nations and religion, for eternity and immutably.
(From paragraph 6) Thus, our real estate, after the death of both of us, entered into the public church treasury and at the disposal of the Greek Honorary Society for the above items, must remain intact for eternity and under no circumstances should it be put on sale to anyone and no way..."
The memory of Emmanuil Emmanuilovich Grammatikov and his wife Smaragda was honored by the zemstvo, which named after him the zemstvo hospital in the village of Sem Kolodezey, the street in Feodosia on which he lived (with the advent of Soviet power, it began to bear the name of the Russian revolutionary, Kerchan resident Peter Voikov. In the fall of 2003 The name of the street was changed again, and it began to be called “Ukrainskaya”) and the inn, as well as by installing portraits of the Grammatikov spouses in the hall of the Zemstvo Assembly.
The name of the Grammatikovs was supported by the branch of Emmanuel’s nephew, Stavro Dmitrievich, whose sons Ivan, Alexander and Emmanuel long occupied a leading place among the noble families of Feodosia and the Tauride province.
In this case, we are especially interested in Emmanuil Stavrovich Grammatikov, who was born in Feodosia on October 2, 1852, whose godmother was the titular adviser, the widow of Emmanuil Grammatikov, Smaragda Dmitrievna Grammatikova.
At the age of 30, Emmanuel Stavrovich is engaged in agriculture. Having land in the Vladislav volost, he moved to the village of Ichki. He is building a one-story mansion and an elevator with a capacity of more than one and a half thousand tons of grain. He sponsors the construction of the Ichki railway station, the first train from which departed in August 1892. He participates in the construction of a school and hospital. Conducts extensive charitable activities. In 1912, grateful residents of the village named the railway station Grammatikovo in his honor. In 1948, Crimea underwent a major toponymic revision; they tried to deprive the peninsula of pieces of its history. The Grammatikovo station began to bear the name of the Hero Soviet Union Alexandra Matrosova, and in 1951 it was renamed Krasnoflotskaya.
In 1962, a new railway station building was built next to the former premises of the Grammatikovo station. On its facade there is a memorial plaque about the deportation of the peoples of Crimea:
“On May 18, 1944, the Crimean Tatar population of the Ichkinsky and Karasubazarsky (Sovetsky and Belogorsky) districts was expelled from the Grammatikovo station (now Krasnoflotskaya).
Bulgarians, Armenians, Greeks, and Germans were also deported. Everlasting memory victims of deportation. May 18, 1996."
Our railway station is directly connected with the life of our village. There were both happy and tragic pages in her story. We will remember both of them. Let's also remember those people who cared about the development of our village, people like Emmanuel Stavrovich Grammatikov.

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Books

• “Sevastopol will remain Russian!” Defense and liberation of Crimea 1941-1944, Andrey Nikolaevich Shaglanov. “Sevastopol will remain Russian!” - this song by A. Gorodnitsky, written 10 years ago, became prophetic, like the phrase from the film “Brother-2”: “You will answer for Sevastopol!” This is not the first time for Russia...
• Mithridates, V. Polupudnev. The novel "Mithridates" depicts events of the distant past, when ancient Crimea(Taurida) came under the rule of the Pontic king Mithridates the Sixth. This book crowns a historical trilogy...