Concise presentation: Some people do not like to study. Audio recordings and texts for condensed presentation. Completed: Full name_________________________________ class ______

Russian language. 9th grade. Options RY9040190402

Listen to the text and write a concise summary.

Please note that you must convey the main content of each micro-topic,

and the entire text as a whole.

Listening text

Some people don't like to study: they think it's boring and hard.

Acquiring new knowledge and skills is somewhat similar to sports. Teaching is really hard when we don’t know how to find joy in it. But if you love to study, this activity becomes so desirable, interesting and exciting that it becomes impossible to do without it.

With what pleasure Small child begins to learn to walk, talk, delve into various mechanisms, read books! But we can and should only continue this joy of mastering new things, which largely depends on ourselves. If you don’t like something about the subject you are studying, you just need to make an effort and try to find a source of joy in it - the joy of acquiring something new.

To support this joy of recognition, even forms of recreation and entertainment need to be chosen that are smart, capable of teaching something, developing in us some abilities that will be needed in life. Read worthwhile books, and not just reading material.

Study history and literature. They are the ones who expand a person’s moral and aesthetic horizons, make the world big, interesting, radiating experience and joy.



(according to D.S. Likhachev) (159 words) © StatGrad 20152016 academic year. Publishing on the Internet or printed publications without the written consent of StatGrad it is prohibited Diagnostic work in RUSSIAN LANGUAGE Grade 9 March 17, 2016 Option RYA90401 Completed by: Full name_________________________________ class ______ Instructions for completing the work The work consists of three parts, including 15 tasks.

–  –  –

The volume of presentation is at least 70 words.

Write your summary in neat, legible handwriting.

(1) Fedya no longer turned the pedals, allowing the bicycle to ride downhill along the path on its own. (2) The speed gradually increased, but at the end of the descent and turn, Fedya always looked over his shoulder. (3) It’s not scary on a deserted street, and it has never happened that someone got in the way.

(4) But today, looking over his shoulder, Fedya again turned the rider’s narrowed gaze forward - and... his heart sank into his stomach, because a girl was sticking out in front of him about three meters away. (5) The finger pressed into the bell button, and the legs jerked the pedals back to the brake! (6) What’s the point... (7) And one thing remained:

a roll, a jerk of the steering wheel and - the front wheel into the picket fence... (8) The slats crunched, inertia smoothly lifted Fedya from the saddle, carried his head through the branches of a yellow acacia and carefully laid him in the fork of a strong maple. (9) Fedya hung in this slingshot for a couple of seconds, mentally testing himself to make sure everything was intact. (10) Then he kicked his legs, fell into the grass and jumped up; biting his lip, he looked at the culprit of the accident. (11) She fearfully jumped back from the path to the fence, pressing the knuckles of her bent fingers to her lips, and stared at Fedya in confusion.

(12) Fedya gave the girl a corresponding look and went to the bicycle: fortunately, it passed the test, and now the action was supposed to roll according to the usual scenario. (13) You should have said something like: “(14) You pine fool! (15) It sticks out here on the road like a nail in the middle of a table, and people should break their necks...” (16) But... (17) Fedya, looking over the girl’s head with frightened little eyes, said separately with a condescending sigh:

- (18) De-te-pe...

© StatGrad 20152016 academic. d. Publication on the Internet or in print without the written consent of StatGrad is prohibited Russian language. 9th grade. Option RYA90401 3

– (20) “Road accident”, traffic accident. (21) All culprits and participants are alive and do not require hospitalization. (22) Are there any mutual claims?

(23) The girl smiled:

- (26) Do you think I wasn’t scared? – Fedya admitted gloomily. - (27) However, the analysis of the incident is completed. (28) Don’t hang out on the roadway anymore... (29) He stood on the pedal, swung his leg over and rolled it, as if still seeing her, seriously guilty, with a clenched bony fist at her lips, in front of him.

(30) And on the sharp elbow a wet red scar shines... (31) The scarlet spot that Fedya saw on the girl’s hand at first scratched the consciousness latently, without any thoughts, but then the first alarming thought appeared. (32) Fedya waved her off: “(33) Come on!

(34) Are you to blame? (35) But when he drove further, the anxiety began to creep in more noticeably, and Fedya realized that now you couldn’t get rid of it so easily. (36) He knew this because he had been in such a situation more than once, when his conscience did not give him peace. “(37) Enough for you! – he tried to snap back. - (38) Just think, a scratch. (39) He’ll come home, lubricate it, bandage it..."

(40) “What if she is far from home?”

“(41) Well, he won’t die!..”

(42) But then the last thing came back, something you can’t argue with: “(43) What if this happened to Styopka?” (44) Styopka is Fedya’s nephew, a six-year-old boy whom Fedya loved very much. (45) And at that moment, a feeling of anxiety, mixed with a sense of duty, sympathy and responsibility, overpowered everything else.

(46) Fedya quickly pedaled and drove back. (47) The girl still stood at the fence, as if she knew that he would return. (48) And she said when she approached:

– (49) Your T-shirt is torn on your back.

(50) Fedya reached back with his hand and felt the torn piece and hole.

- (51) Well, okay. (52) What’s wrong with your elbow?

(54) Fedya carefully took her hand, turned it - a red drop fell from her elbow.

- (55) Oh, I didn’t even notice because I was scared... (56) There’s a nail in the wooden fence.

- (57) The nail is rusty. (58) You’ll stretch your legs from infection... (59) The wound on the elbow was small, but deep. (60) Fedya, unfolding his bicycle first aid kit, blotted the wound with gauze, twisted another tampon from the bandage, and hastily pulled the cork out of the brown vial with his teeth.

– (61) You can squeal, just don’t twitch, please... © StatGrad 20152016 academic year. d. Publication on the Internet or in print without the written consent of StatGrad is prohibited Russian language. 9th grade. Option RY90401 4 (62) Wincing as if from his own pain, he pressed gauze soaked in iodine to the wound. (63) The girl didn’t even scream, she just said in pain:

- (64) I won’t squeal... (65) Do you always carry medicines with you?

- (66) Yeah... (67) He bandaged her elbow.

- (68) How cleverly you do... (69) I studied, right?

– (70) On myself. (71) And on relatives,” Fedya muttered. - (72) Well, that’s it.

(73) Now you will live.

(74) Having put the remains of the bandage into the bag, he stood on the pedal. (75) Now it was possible to go with a light heart: nothing threatened the girl’s health, and Fedina’s conscience was calm.

2 Which answer option contains the information necessary to substantiate the answer to the question: “Why did Fedya not shout and swear at the girl who caused the incident, but reacted calmly, even turning it all into a joke?”

1) He was not used to shouting and swearing in such cases; by nature, Fedya was a polite and balanced person.

2) Fedya considered only himself, and not the girl, to be the culprit of the accident.

3) He saw how scared the girl was and decided not to scold her needlessly.

4) Fedya immediately noticed that the girl, when she bounced towards the fence, severely injured her elbow, and felt sorry for her.

–  –  –

3 Indicate a sentence in which metaphor is the means of expressive speech.

1) You should have said something like: “You fool! It sticks out here on the road like a nail in the middle of a table, and people have to break their necks..."

2) He stood on the pedal, swung his leg over and rolled, as if still seeing her in front of him: seriously and guilty, with a clenched bony fist at her lips.

3) The scarlet spot that Fedya saw on the girl’s hand at first scratched the consciousness latently, without any thoughts, but then the first disturbing thought appeared.

4) – The nail is rusty. Here you will stretch your legs from infection... Answer: ___________________________.

4 From sentences 59–66, write down a word in which the spelling of the prefix is ​​determined by the rule: “If the prefix is ​​followed by a voiceless consonant, the letter denoting the voiceless consonant is written in the prefix.”

Answer: ___________________________.

5 From sentences 49–56, write down the word in which the spelling Н/НН is an exception to the rule.

Answer: ___________________________.

6 Replace the colloquial word “squeal” from sentence 61 with a stylistically neutral synonym. Write this word.

Answer: ___________________________.

7 Replace the phrase “girl's head”, built on the basis of agreement, with a synonymous phrase with the connection management.

Answer: ___________________________.

8 Write down the grammatical basis of sentence 68.

Answer: ___________________________.

–  –  –

9 Among sentences 42–47, find a sentence with standalone application. Write the number of this offer.

Answer: ___________________________.

However, (1) the analysis of the incident is completed. Don’t hang out on the roadway anymore... - He stood on the pedal, (2) threw his leg over and rolled, (3) as if still seeing her, (4) seriously guilty, (5) with a clenched bony fist at his lips, (6 ) in front of.

Answer: ___________________________.

11 Indicate the number of grammatical bases in sentence 75. Write the answer in numbers.

Answer: ___________________________.

12 In the sentences below from the text read, all commas are numbered. Write down the numbers indicating commas between parts of a complex sentence connected by a subordinate connection.

The speed gradually increased, (1) but at the end of the descent and turn, Fedya always looked over his shoulder. It’s not scary on a deserted street, (2) and it has never happened, (3) that someone got in the way.

But today, (4) looking over his shoulder, (5) Fedya again turned the rider’s narrowed gaze forward - and... his heart sank into his stomach, (6) because a girl was sticking out in front of him, about three meters away.

Answer: ___________________________.

13 Among sentences 31–37, find complex sentence with sequential subordination of subordinate clauses. Write the number of this offer.

Answer: ___________________________.

14 Among sentences 8–13, find difficult sentence with non-union and union coordinating connections between parts. Write the number of this offer.

Answer: ___________________________.

© StatGrad 20152016 academic. d. Publication on the Internet or in print without the written consent of StatGrad is prohibited Russian language. 9th grade. Option RY90401 7 Part 3 Using the read text from part 2, complete ONLY ONE of the tasks on a separate sheet: 15.1, 15.2 or 15.3. Before writing your essay, write down the number of the selected task: 15.1, 15.2 or 15.3.

Write an essay-reasoning, revealing the meaning of Vladimir Galaktionovich Korolenko’s statement: “The Russian language is quite rich, it has all the means to express the most subtle feelings and shades of thought.” When justifying your answer, give 2 (two) examples from the text you read.

You can write a paper in a scientific or journalistic style, revealing the topic using linguistic material. You can start your essay with the words of V. G. Korolenko.

Work written without reference to the text read (not based on this text) is not graded.

Write an argumentative essay. Explain how you understand the meaning of 15.2 of the ending of the text: “Now it was possible to go with a light heart: nothing threatened the girl’s health, and Fedya’s conscience was calm.”

When giving examples, indicate numbers necessary proposals or use citation.

The essay must be at least 70 words.

If the essay is a retelling or completely rewritten of the original text without any comments, then such work is scored zero points.

Write an essay carefully, legible handwriting.

How do you understand the meaning of the word DECENTITY? Formulate and 15.3 comment on the definition you have given. Write an essay on the topic: “What is decency,” using the definition you gave as the thesis. When arguing your thesis, give 2 (two) example arguments confirming your reasoning: give one example argument from the text you read, and the second from your life experience.

The essay must be at least 70 words.

If the essay is a retelling or completely rewritten of the original text without any comments, then such work is scored zero points.

Write an essay carefully, legible handwriting.

© StatGrad 20152016 academic. d. Publication on the Internet or in print without the written consent of StatGrad is prohibited Diagnostic work in the RUSSIAN LANGUAGE Grade 9 March 17, 2016 Option RY90402

Completed: Full name_________________________________ class ______

Instructions for completing the work The work consists of three parts, including 15 tasks.

3 hours 55 minutes (235 minutes) are allotted to complete work in the Russian language.

Part 1 includes one task and is a short written work based on the listened text (condensed presentation).

The source text for the condensed presentation is listened to twice. This task is completed on a separate sheet.

Part 2 is performed based on the text read. It consists of 13 tasks. Answers to tasks 2–14 are written as a word (phrase), number, or sequence of numbers in the answer field in the text of the work.

If you write down an incorrect answer to a task in Part 2, cross it out and write a new one next to it.

Part 3 is based on the same text that you read while working on the tasks in Part 2.

When starting part 3 of the work, choose one of the three proposed tasks (15.1, 15.2 or 15.3) and give a written, detailed, reasoned answer. This task is completed on a separate sheet.

You are allowed to use a spelling dictionary.

When completing assignments, you can use a draft. Entries in the draft are not taken into account when grading work. The points you receive for completed tasks are summed up. Try to complete as many tasks as possible and score the most points.

–  –  –

1 Listen to the text and write a concise summary.

Please note that you must convey the main content of both each micro-topic and the entire text as a whole.

The volume of presentation is at least 70 words.

Write your summary in neat, legible handwriting.

Part 2 Answers to tasks 214 are a number, a sequence of numbers or a word (phrase), which should be written in the answer field in the text of the work.

Read the text and complete tasks 2–14.

(1) Fedya no longer turned the pedals, allowing the bicycle to ride downhill along the path on its own, and enjoyed the rapid descent. (2) The speed gradually increased, but at the end of the descent and turn, Fedya always looked back to take another look at the hill. (3) On a deserted street this is not scary, and it has never happened that someone unexpectedly appeared on the way. (4) But today, looking over his shoulder, Fedya again turned the rider’s narrowed gaze forward - his heart, ready to stop, sank into his stomach, because a girl was sticking out in front of him about three meters away. (5) Of course, the finger pressed into the bell button, and the legs jerked the brake pedals!

(6) That’s no use... (7) And one thing remained: a roll, an instant jerk of the steering wheel and - the front wheel into the picket fence... (8) The slats crunched, inertia smoothly lifted Fedya from the saddle, carried his head through the branches of a yellow acacia and carefully laid him in fork of a strong maple. (9) Fedya hung in this slingshot for a couple of seconds, mentally testing himself to make sure everything was intact. (10) Then he kicked his legs, fell into the grass and jumped up. (11) As soon as he was on his feet, his gaze turned to the culprit of the accident, who, meanwhile, jumped off the path to the fence, pressing the knuckles of her bent fingers to her lips, and stared at Fedya in confusion.

(12) Fedya gave the girl a corresponding look and went to the bicycle. (13) Fortunately, he passed the test, so now the action was supposed to follow the usual scenario. (14) I should have said something like: (15) “The pine fool sticks out here on the road like a nail in the middle of a table, and people should break their necks...” (16) But... (17) Fedya, looking over the golden girl’s head, with a condescending sigh he said separately:

– (18) De-te-pe... © StatGrad 20152016 academic. d. Publication on the Internet or in print without the written consent of StatGrad is prohibited Russian language. 9th grade. Option RYA90402 3

- (19) What? – the girl responded hesitantly.

- (20) “Traffic accident,” I say, a traffic accident. (21) All culprits and participants are alive and do not require hospitalization.

(22) Are there any mutual claims?

(23) The girl squinted and smiled:

- (24) I don’t have... (25) I was just scared.

- (26) Do you think I wasn’t scared? – Fedya admitted gloomily. - (27) Okay, the analysis of the incident is over. (28) Don’t hang around on the road anymore... (29) He stood on the pedal, swung his leg over and drove along the roadside path, lost in thought, as if still seeing the girl in front of him:

seriously guilty, with a bony fist pressed to her lips. (30) And on the sharp elbow a wet red scar shines... (31) This scarlet spot at first scratched the consciousness latently, without any thoughts. (32) Then the first alarming thought appeared. (33) Fedya waved her off: “(34) Come on! (35) Are you to blame? (36) However, anxiety began to gnaw at him more noticeably, and Fedya realized that now he couldn’t get rid of it so easily. (37) He knew himself. “(38) Enough for you! – he tried to snap back. - (39) Just think, a scratch. (40) He’ll come home, lubricate it, bandage it..."

“(41) What if she is far from home?”

“(42) Well, he won’t die!..”

(43) But then the last thing came back, something you can’t argue with: “(44) What if this happened to Styopka?” (45) Styopka is Fedya’s nephew, a six-year-old boy whom Fedya loved very much. (46) And at that moment, a feeling of anxiety, mixed with a sense of duty, sympathy and responsibility, overpowered everything else.

(47) Fedya drove back with a heavy heart. (48) The girl didn’t go anywhere, she still stood at the fence, as if she knew that he would return.

(49) And she said when she approached:

- (50) Your T-shirt is torn on your back.

(51) Fedya reached back with his hand and felt the torn piece and hole.

- (52) Yes, okay. (53) What’s wrong with your elbow?

(55) Fedya took her hand and turned it - a red drop fell from her elbow.

- (56) Oh, I didn’t even notice because I was scared... (57) There’s a nail in the fence.

- (58) The nail is rusty. (59) You’ll stretch your legs from infection... (60) The wound on the elbow was small, but quite deep. (61) Fedya, unfolding his bicycle first aid kit, blotted the wound with gauze, twisted another tampon from the bandage, and pulled out the stopper from the brown vial with his teeth.

- (62) You can squeal, just don’t twitch, please... (63) Wincing as if from his own pain, he pressed gauze soaked in iodine to the wound. (64) The girl, looking at him, said in pain:

© StatGrad 20152016 academic. d. Publication on the Internet or in print without the written consent of StatGrad is prohibited Russian language. 9th grade. Option RYA90402 4

- (65) I won’t squeal... (66) Do you always carry medicines with you?

- (67) Yeah... (68) He bandaged her elbow.

- (69) How cleverly you do it... (70) I studied, right?

– (71) On myself. (72) And on relatives,” Fedya muttered. - (73) Well, that’s it.

(74) Now you will live.

(75) Having put the remains of the bandage into the bag, he stood on the pedal. (76) Now it was possible to go with a light heart: nothing threatened the girl’s health, and Fedina’s conscience was calm.

(according to V.P. Krapivin) *Vladislav Petrovich Krapivin (born in 1938) is a Soviet and Russian children's writer, author of books about children and for children, including science fiction. Vladislav Krapivin's books have been repeatedly republished in Poland, Czechoslovakia, Bulgaria, Germany, Japan, Hungary, and translated into English, Spanish, Persian and other languages.

2 Which answer option contains the information necessary to substantiate the answer to the question: “Why did Fedya decide to return to the scene of the incident?”

1) Fedya wanted to apologize to the girl for his not very delicate behavior.

2) Fedya felt guilty for the incident, because for some reason he looked back and did not follow the road.

3) The boy was worried that the girl injured her hand when she jumped to the fence.

4) Fedya remembered that once the same situation happened to Styopka and no one helped the baby.

Answer: ___________________________.

–  –  –

4 From sentences 23–30, write down a word in which the spelling of the prefix is ​​determined by its meaning - “proximity”.

Answer: ___________________________.

5 From sentences 3–7, write down a word in which the spelling of the suffix is ​​determined by the rule: “In suffixes of full passive past participles and adjectives formed from perfective verbs, NN is written.”

Answer: ___________________________.

6 Replace the colloquial word “stared” from sentence 11 with a stylistically neutral synonym. Write this word.

Answer: ___________________________.

7 Replace the phrase “Fedina’s conscience”, built on the basis of agreement, with a synonymous phrase with the connection management.

Answer: ___________________________.

8 Write down the grammatical basis from the first part of complex sentence 76.

Answer: ___________________________.

9 Among sentences 60–66, find a sentence with a non-isolated agreed upon common definition. Write the number of this offer.

Answer: ___________________________.

10 In the sentences below from the text read, all commas are numbered. Write down the number(s) indicating the comma(s) in the introductory word.

But today, (1) looking over his shoulder, (2) Fedya again turned the rider’s narrowed gaze forward - his heart, (3) ready to stop, (4) sank into his stomach, (5) because a girl was sticking out in front of him, about three meters away.

Of course, (6) the finger pressed into the bell button, (7) and the legs jerked the pedals to the brake!

Answer: ___________________________.

–  –  –

12 In the sentences below from the text read, all commas are numbered. Write down the numbers indicating commas between parts of a complex sentence connected by a coordinating connection.

Fedya no longer turned the pedals, (1) allowing the bike to ride downhill along the path, (2) and enjoyed the rapid descent. The speed gradually increased, (3) but at the end of the descent and turn, Fedya always looked back, (4) to take another look at the hill.

It’s not scary on a deserted street, (5) and it has never happened once, (6) that someone unexpectedly appeared on the way.

Answer: ___________________________.

Among sentences 8–13, find a complex sentence with parallel subordinate clauses. Write the number of this offer.

Answer: ___________________________.

14 Among sentences 43–49, find a complex sentence with a non-union and allied subordinating connection between the parts. Write the number of this offer.

Answer: ___________________________.

Part 3 Using the read text from part 2, complete ONLY ONE of the tasks on a separate sheet: 15.1, 15.2 or 15.3. Before writing your essay, write down the number of the selected task: 15.1, 15.2 or 15.3.

15.1 Write an essay-reasoning, revealing the meaning of the statement by Konstantin Georgievich Paustovsky: “Pushkin also spoke about punctuation marks. They exist to highlight a thought, bring words into the correct relationship and give the phrase ease and the right sound. Punctuation marks are like musical notations. They hold the text firmly and don’t let it fall apart.” When justifying your answer, give 2 (two) examples from the text you read.

When giving examples, indicate the numbers of the required sentences or use citations.

You can write a paper in a scientific or journalistic style, revealing the topic using linguistic material. You can start your essay with the words of K.G. Paustovsky.

The essay must be at least 70 words.

Write an essay carefully, legible handwriting.

© StatGrad 20152016 academic. d. Publication on the Internet or in print without the written consent of StatGrad is prohibited Russian language. 9th grade. Option RY90402 7 Write an essay-reasoning. Explain how you understand the meaning of phrase 15.2 from the text: “And at that moment, a feeling of anxiety, mixed with a sense of duty, sympathy and responsibility, overpowered everything else.”

In your essay, provide 2 (two) arguments from the text you read, confirming your reasoning.

When giving examples, indicate the numbers of the required sentences or use citations.

The essay must be at least 70 words.

If the essay is a retelling or completely rewritten of the original text without any comments, then such work is scored zero points.

Write an essay carefully, legible handwriting.

How do you understand the meaning of the word CONSCIENCE? Formulate and comment on the definition you have given. Write an essay-argument on the topic: “What is conscience”, taking the definition you gave as the thesis.

When arguing your thesis, give 2 (two) examples-arguments that confirm your reasoning: give one example-argument from the text you read, and the second from your life experience.

The essay must be at least 70 words.

If the essay is a retelling or completely rewritten of the original text without any comments, then such work is scored zero points.

Write an essay carefully, legible handwriting.

Texts from open bank FIPI tasks

TEXT 1

To appreciate kindness and understand its meaning, you must experience it yourself. You need to accept the ray of someone else's kindness and live in it. One must feel how a ray of this kindness takes possession of the heart, word and deeds of one’s whole life. Kindness comes not out of obligation, not out of duty, but as a gift.

Someone else's kindness is a premonition of something greater, which is not even immediately believed. This is the warmth from which the heart warms and begins to move in response. A person who has once experienced kindness cannot help but respond sooner or later, confidently or uncertainly, with his kindness.

It is a great happiness to feel the fire of kindness in your heart and give it free rein in life. In this moment, in these hours, a person finds his best in himself, hears the singing of his heart. “I” and “mine” are forgotten, what is alien disappears, for it becomes “mine” and “me.” And there is no place left in the soul for enmity and hatred.

If you take away a person’s ability to dream, then one of the most powerful motivations that gives rise to culture, art, science and the desire to fight for a wonderful future will disappear. But dreams should not be divorced from reality. They must predict the future and create in us the feeling that we are already living in this future and that we ourselves are becoming different.

Not only children, but also adults need a dream. It causes excitement, a source of high feelings. She does not allow us to calm down and always shows us new sparkling distances, a different life. It disturbs and makes you passionately desire this life. This is its value.

Only a hypocrite can say that we need to calm down and stop. To fight for the future, you need to be able to dream passionately, deeply and effectively. You need to cultivate in yourself a continuous desire for what is meaningful and beautiful.

________________________________________________________________________________________

What are the benefits of reading? Is it true that reading is useful? Why do so many people continue to read? After all, not only to relax or occupy free time.

The benefits of reading books are obvious. Books broaden a person’s horizons and enrich them inner world, make you smarter. It is also important to read books because it increases lexicon person, develops clear and clear thinking. Everyone can verify this by their own example. One has only to thoughtfully read some classical work, and you will notice how easier it has become to express your own thoughts with the help of speech, to select the right words. A person who reads speaks more competently. Reading serious works makes us constantly think, it develops logical thinking. Don't believe me? And you read something from the classics of the detective genre, for example, “The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes” by Conan Doyle. After reading, you will think faster, your mind will become sharper and you will understand that reading is useful and beneficial.

It is also useful to read books because they have a significant influence on our moral guidelines and on our spiritual development. After reading one or another classic work, people sometimes begin to change for the better.

__________________________________________________________________________________________

What's happened good book? Firstly, the book should be exciting and interesting. After reading the first pages there should be no desire to put it on the shelf. We are talking about books that make us think and express emotions. Secondly, the book should be written in rich language. Thirdly, it must carry a deep meaning. Original and unusual ideas also make the book useful.

You should not get carried away by any one genre or type of literature. Thus, a passion for the fantasy genre alone can turn young readers into goblins and elves who know the way to Avalon much better than the way home.

If you haven't read the books from school curriculum or read them in abbreviated form, you should start with them. Classical literature is a must-have foundation for every person. Great works contain disappointment and joy, love and pain, tragedy and comedy. They will teach you to be sensitive, emotional, help you see the beauty of the world, understand yourself and people. Naturally, read popular science literature. It will expand your horizons, form knowledge about the world, help you determine your path in life, and provide an opportunity for self-development. We hope that these reasons for reading will make the book your best friend.

__________________________________________________________________________________________

The word "culture" is multifaceted. What, first of all, does true culture contain? It carries the concept of spirituality, light, knowledge and true beauty. And if people understand this, then our country will become prosperous. And therefore it would be very good if every city and town had its own cultural center, a creative center not only for children, but also for people of all ages.
True culture is always aimed at upbringing and education. And such centers should be headed by people who understand well what real culture is, what it consists of, and what its significance is.
The key note of culture can be such concepts as peace, truth, beauty. It would be good if honest and selfless people, selflessly devoted to their work, and respecting each other, were involved in culture. Culture is a huge ocean of creativity, there is enough space for everyone, there is something for everyone. And if we all begin to participate together in its creation and strengthening, then our entire planet will become more beautiful.

__________________________________________________________________________________________

Having a family and children is as necessary and natural as it is necessary and natural to work. The family has long been held together by the moral authority of the father, who was traditionally considered the head. The children respected and obeyed their father. He was engaged in agricultural work, construction, logging and firewood. The entire burden of peasant labor was shared with him by his adult sons.

The management of the household was in the hands of the wife and mother. She was in charge of everything in the house: she looked after the livestock, took care of food, and clothing. She did not do all this work alone: ​​even children, having barely learned to walk, little by little, along with play, began to do something useful.

Kindness, tolerance, mutual forgiveness of insults grew into a good family mutual love. Grumpiness and quarrelsomeness were considered a punishment of fate and evoked pity for their bearers. One had to be able to give in, forget the offense, respond kindly or remain silent. Love and harmony between relatives gave rise to love outside the home. It is difficult to expect respect for other people from a person who does not love and respect his family.

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What does it mean to be a cultured person? A person who is educated, well-mannered, and responsible can be considered cultured. He respects himself and others. A cultured person is also distinguished by creative work, striving for high things, the ability to be grateful, love of nature and homeland, compassion and empathy for one’s neighbor, and goodwill.

A cultured person will never lie. He will maintain composure and dignity in any situation. life situations. He has a clearly defined goal and achieves it. The main goal of such a person is to increase goodness in the world, to strive to ensure that all people are happy. Ideal cultured person is true humanity.

Nowadays people devote too little time to culture. And many people don’t even think about it throughout their lives. It’s good if a person’s process of familiarization with culture occurs from childhood. The child gets acquainted with traditions passed down from generation to generation, absorbs the positive experience of the family and his homeland, and learns cultural values. As an adult, he can be useful to society.

Some people believe that a person matures at a certain age, for example, at 18, when he becomes an adult. But there are people who remain children even at an older age. What does it mean to be an adult?

Adulthood means independence, that is, the ability to do without anyone’s help or care. A person with this quality does everything himself and does not expect support from others. He understands that he must overcome his difficulties himself. Of course, there are situations when a person cannot cope alone. Then you have to ask for help from friends, relatives and acquaintances. But in general, it is not typical for an independent, adult person to rely on others.

There is an expression: the hand should expect help only from the shoulder. An independent person knows how to be responsible for himself, his affairs and actions. He plans his own life and evaluates himself, without relying on anyone else's opinion. He understands that much in life depends on himself. Being an adult means being responsible for someone else. But for this you also need to become independent, be able to make decisions. Adulthood does not depend on age, but on life experience, on the desire to live life without nannies.

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What is friendship? How do you become friends? You will most often meet friends among people with a common destiny, the same profession, and common thoughts. And yet it cannot be said with confidence that such a community determines friendship, because people of different professions can become friends.

Can two opposite characters be friends? Certainly! Friendship is equality and similarity. But at the same time, friendship is inequality and dissimilarity. Friends always need each other, but friends do not always receive equal amounts from friendship. One is friends and gives his experience, the other is enriched by experience in friendship. One, helping a weak, inexperienced, young friend, learns his strength and maturity. Another, weak one, recognizes in a friend his ideal, strength, experience, maturity. So, one gives in friendship, the other rejoices in gifts. Friendship is based on similarities, but manifests itself in differences, contradictions, and dissimilarities.

A friend is someone who asserts that you are right, your talent, your merits. A friend is one who lovingly exposes you in your weaknesses, shortcomings and vices.

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Friendship is not something external. Friendship lies deep in the heart. You cannot force yourself to be a friend to someone or force someone to be your friend.

Friendship requires a lot, first of all mutual respect. What does it mean to respect your friend? This means taking into account his opinion and recognizing it positive features. Respect is shown in words and deeds. A friend who is respected feels that he is valued as a person, his dignity is respected and he is helped not only out of a sense of duty. In friendship, trust is important, that is, confidence in the sincerity of a friend, that he will not betray or deceive. Of course, a friend can make mistakes. But we are all imperfect. These are the two main and main conditions for friendship. In addition, common moral values ​​are important for friendship, for example. People who have different views on what is good and what is evil will have a hard time being friends. The reason is simple: can we show deep respect and, perhaps, trust to a friend if we see that he commits actions that are unacceptable, in our opinion, and considers this the norm. Strengthen friendships and common interests or hobbies. However, for a friendship that has existed for a long time and has been tested by time, this is not important.

Friendly feelings do not depend on age. They can be very strong and bring a person many experiences. But life is unthinkable without friendship.

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One man was told that an acquaintance had spoken about him in unflattering terms. "Are you kidding! - the man exclaimed. “I didn’t do anything good for him...” Here it is, the algorithm of black ingratitude, when good is answered with evil. In life, one must assume, this man has more than once met people who have mixed up the guidelines on the moral compass.

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We often talk about the difficulties associated with raising a person just starting out in life. And the biggest problem is the weakening of family ties, the diminishing importance of the family in raising a child. And if in early years nothing lasting was instilled into a person by his family moral sense, then society will have a lot of trouble with this citizen later.

The other extreme is excessive parental care of the child. This is also a consequence of the weakening of the family principle. Parents did not give their child enough warmth and, feeling this guilt, strive in the future to pay off their internal spiritual debt with belated petty care and material benefits.

The world is changing, becoming different. But if parents were unable to establish internal contact with the child, shifting the main concerns to grandparents or public organizations, then one should not be surprised that another child acquires cynicism and disbelief in selflessness so early that his life becomes impoverished, becomes flat and dry.

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Each of us once had favorite toys. Perhaps every person has a bright and tender memory associated with them, which he carefully keeps in his heart. A favorite toy is the most vivid memory from every person’s childhood.

In the age of computer technology, real toys no longer attract as much attention as virtual ones. But despite all the emerging new products, such as telephones and computer equipment, the toy still remains unique and irreplaceable of its kind, because nothing teaches and develops a child better than a toy with which he can communicate, play and even acquire life skills. experience.

A toy is the key to consciousness little man. To develop and strengthen it positive traits, to make him mentally healthy, to instill love for others, to form a correct understanding of good and evil, you need to carefully choose a toy, remembering that it will bring into his world not only his image, but also behavior, attributes, as well as a value system and worldview. It is impossible to raise a full-fledged person with the help of negative toys.

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The essence of the concept of “power” lies in the ability of one person to force another to do something that he would not do of his own free will. A tree, if not disturbed, grows straight up. But even if it does not manage to grow evenly, then it, bending under obstacles, tries to get out from under them and stretch upward again. So is man. Sooner or later he will want to disobey. Submissive people usually suffer, but if once they have managed to throw off their “burden,” they often turn into tyrants themselves.

If you command everywhere and everyone, then loneliness awaits a person as the end of life. Such a person will always be lonely. After all, he does not know how to communicate on equal terms. Inside he has a dull, sometimes unconscious anxiety. And he feels calm only when people unquestioningly carry out his orders. The commanders themselves are unhappy people, and they breed misfortune, even if they achieve good results.

Commanding and managing people are two different things. The one who manages knows how to take responsibility for actions. This approach preserves the mental health of both the person himself and those around him.

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Self-doubt is an ancient problem, but it attracted the attention of doctors, teachers and psychologists relatively recently - in the middle of the 20th century. It was then that it became clear: ever-increasing self-doubt could cause a lot of troubles - even serious illnesses, not to mention everyday problems.

What about psychological problems? After all, self-doubt can serve as the basis for constant dependence on the opinions of others. Let's imagine how uncomfortable a dependent person feels: other people's assessments seem to him much more important and significant than his own; He sees each of his actions primarily through the eyes of those around him. And most importantly, he wants approval from everyone, from loved ones to passengers on the tram. Such a person becomes indecisive and cannot correctly assess life situations.

How to overcome self-doubt? Some scientists are looking for an answer to this question based on physiological processes, others rely on psychology. One thing is clear: self-doubt can be overcome only if a person is able to correctly set goals, relate them to external circumstances and positively evaluate their results.

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When I was ten years old, someone’s caring hand gave me a volume of “Hero Animals.” I consider it my “alarm clock”. I know from other people that for them the “wake-up call” of the feeling of nature was a month spent in the village in the summer, a walk in the forest with a person who “opened his eyes to everything,” the first trip with a backpack. There is no need to list everything that can awaken in human childhood interest and reverent attitude towards the great mystery of life.

Growing up, a person must comprehend with his mind how complexly everything in the living world is intertwined and interconnected, how this world is strong and at the same time vulnerable, how everything in our lives depends on the wealth of the earth, on the health of living nature. This school is a must have.

And yet, at the beginning of everything is Love. When awakened in time, it makes learning about the world interesting and exciting. With it, a person also finds a certain point of support, an important point of reference for all the values ​​of life. Love for everything that turns green, breathes, makes sounds, sparkles with colors - this is the love that brings a person closer to happiness.

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No matter how interesting home and school life If a child does not read precious books, he will be deprived. Such losses are irreparable. Adults can read a book today or in a year - the difference is small. In childhood, time is counted differently; every day there is an opening. And the acuteness of perception in childhood is such that early impressions can later influence the rest of one’s life.

Childhood impressions are the most vivid and lasting impressions. This is the foundation of future spiritual life, a golden fund. In childhood, the seeds are sown. Not everyone will germinate, not everyone will bloom. But the biography of the human soul is the gradual germination of seeds sown in childhood.

Subsequent life is complex and varied. It consists of millions of actions, determined by many character traits and, in turn, forming this character. But if you trace and find the connection between phenomena, it will become obvious that every character trait of an adult, every quality of his soul and, perhaps, even every action of his were sown in childhood, and since then have had their own germ, their own seed.

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Times change, new generations come, for whom, it would seem, everything is different from the previous ones: tastes, interests, life goals. But intractable personal issues, meanwhile, for some reason remain unchanged. Today's teenagers, like their parents in their time, are worried about everything: how to attract the attention of the one you like? How to distinguish infatuation from true love?

A youthful dream of love is, no matter what they say, first of all, a dream of mutual understanding. After all, a teenager definitely needs to realize himself in communication with peers: to demonstrate his ability to sympathize and empathize. And just to show his qualities and abilities to those who are friendly towards him, who are ready to understand him.

Love is the unconditional and boundless trust of two people in each other. Trust, which reveals in everyone the best that a person is capable of. True love certainly includes friendships, but is not limited to them. It is always greater than friendship, since only in love do we recognize another person’s full right to everything that makes up our world.

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Is it possible to define what art is in one comprehensive formula? Of course not. Art is charm and witchcraft, it is the identification of the funny and the tragic, it is morality and immorality, it is the knowledge of the world and man. In art, a person creates his image as something separate, capable of existing outside of himself and remaining after him as his trace in history.

The moment a person turns to creativity is perhaps greatest discovery, unparalleled in history. After all, through art, each individual person and the people as a whole comprehend their characteristics, their life, their place in the world. Art allows us to come into contact with personalities, peoples and civilizations that are distant from us in time and space. And not just touch, but recognize and understand them, because the language of art is universal, and it is precisely this that makes it possible for humanity to feel itself as a single whole.

That is why, since ancient times, an attitude towards art has been formed not as entertainment or amusement, but as a powerful force capable of not only capturing the image of time and man, but also passing it on to descendants.

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The war was a cruel and rough school for children. They sat not at desks, but in frozen trenches, and in front of them were not notebooks, but armor-piercing shells and machine gun belts. They didn't yet have life experience and therefore did not understand the true value of simple things that you do not attach importance to in everyday peaceful life.

The war filled their spiritual experience to the limit. They could cry not from grief, but from hatred, they could childishly rejoice at the spring crane wedge, as they had never rejoiced either before or after the war, with tenderness they could keep in their souls the warmth of bygone youth. Those who survived returned from the war, having managed to preserve within themselves a pure, radiant peace, faith and hope, becoming more uncompromising to injustice, kinder to goodness.

Although the war has already become history, the memory of it must live, because the main participants in history are People and Time. Not to forget Time means not to forget People, not to forget People means not to forget Time.

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One man was told that an acquaintance had spoken about him in unflattering terms. "Are you kidding! - the man exclaimed. “I didn’t do anything good for him...” Here it is, the algorithm of black ingratitude, when good is answered with evil. In life, one must assume, this man has met more than once
with people who have mixed up the guidelines on the moral compass.

Morality is a guide to life. And if you deviate from the road, you may well wander into a windfall, thorny bushes, or even drown. That is, if you behave ungratefully towards others, then people have the right to behave the same towards you.

How should we approach this phenomenon? Be philosophical. Do good and know that it will surely pay off. I assure you that you yourself will receive pleasure from doing good. That is, you will be happy. And this is the goal in life - to live it happily. And remember: sublime natures do good.

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Friendship always faces challenges. The main one today is the changed way of life, a change in the way and routine of life. With the acceleration of the pace of life, with the desire to quickly realize oneself, came an understanding of the importance of time. Previously, it was impossible to imagine, for example, that hosts were burdened by guests. Now that time is the price of achieving your goal, relaxation and hospitality have ceased to be significant. Frequent meetings and leisurely conversations are no longer indispensable companions of friendship. Due to the fact that we live in different rhythms, meetings of friends become rare.

But here’s a paradox: previously the circle of communication was limited, today a person is oppressed by the redundancy of forced communication. This is especially noticeable in cities with high population density. We strive to isolate ourselves, to choose a secluded place in the subway, in a cafe, in the reading room of a library.

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There is simply no universal recipe for how to choose the right, the only true, destined path in life. And the final choice always remains with the person. We make this choice already in childhood, when we choose friends, learn to build relationships with peers, and play.

But most major decisions, defining life path, we still accept in our youth. According to scientists, the second half of the second decade of life is the most crucial period. It is at this time that a person, as a rule, chooses the most important thing for the rest of his life: his closest friend, his circle of main interests, his profession.

It is clear that such a choice is a responsible matter. It cannot be brushed aside, it cannot be put off until later. You shouldn’t hope that the mistake can be corrected later: you’ll have time, your whole life is ahead! Something, of course, will be able to be corrected and changed, but not everything. And wrong decisions will not remain without consequences. After all, success comes to those who know what they want, make decisive choices, believe in themselves and persistently achieve their goals.

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I was betrayed by a loved one, I was betrayed by my best friend. Unfortunately, we hear such statements quite often. Most often, those in whom we have invested our souls betray. The pattern here is this: the greater the benefit, the stronger the betrayal. In such situations, I remember the statement of Victor Hugo: “I am indifferent to the knife blows of an enemy, but the pin prick of a friend is painful to me.”

Many endure bullying, hoping that the traitor’s conscience will awaken. But something that is not there cannot wake up. Conscience is a function of the soul, but a traitor does not have it. A traitor usually explains his action by the interests of the case, but in order to justify the first betrayal, he commits a second, third, and so on ad infinitum.

Betrayal completely destroys a person’s dignity, and as a result, traitors behave differently. Someone defends their behavior, trying to justify what they did, someone falls into a feeling of guilt and fear of impending retribution, and someone simply tries to forget everything, without burdening themselves with emotions or thoughts. In any case, the life of a traitor becomes empty, worthless and meaningless.

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There are values ​​that change, are lost, disappear, becoming the dust of time. But no matter how society changes, eternal values ​​that have great importance for people of all generations and cultures. One of these eternal values, of course, is friendship.

People very often use this word in their language, they call certain people their friends, but few people can formulate what friendship is, who a real friend is, what he should be. All definitions of friendship are similar in one thing: friendship is a relationship based on mutual openness of people, complete trust and constant readiness to help each other at any time.

The main thing is that friends have the same life values, similar spiritual guidelines, then they will be able to be friends, even if their attitude to certain phenomena of life is different. And then true friendship is not affected by time and distance. People can talk to each other only occasionally, be separated for many years, and still remain very close friends. Such constancy distinguishing feature true friendship.

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The word mom is a special word. It is born with us, accompanies us in the years of growing up and maturity. It is babble by a child in a cradle, spoken with love by a young man and an old man. The language of any nation has this word, and in all languages ​​it sounds tender and affectionate.

The place of a mother in our lives is special, exceptional. We always bring our joy and pain to her and find understanding. Mother's love inspires, gives strength, inspires to heroic deeds. In difficult life circumstances, we always remember our mother, and at this moment we only need her. A man calls his mother and believes that no matter where she is, she hears him, has compassion and is in a hurry to help. The word mother becomes equivalent to the word life.

How many artists, composers, and poets have created wonderful works about mothers. "Take care of mothers!" - the famous poet Rasul Gamzatov proclaimed in his poem. Unfortunately, we realize too late that we forgot to say a lot of good and kind words to our mothers. To prevent this from happening, you need to give them joy every day and hour, because grateful children are the best gift for them.

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In a society where the idea of ​​individualism is cultivated, many have forgotten about such things as mutual assistance and mutual assistance. Human society has just formed and continues to exist thanks to common cause and helping the weak, thanks to the fact that each of us complements each other. And how can we now support the completely opposite point of view that there are no interests other than our own? And the point here is not even that it sounds selfish, the point is that it is in this issue that personal and public interests intertwine.

You understand how much deeper this is than it seems, because individualism destroys society, and therefore weakens each of us. And only mutual support can preserve and strengthen society.

And what is more in line with our common interests: mutual benefit or primitive selfishness? There can be no two opinions here. We must help each other if we all want to live well together and not depend on anyone. And when helping people in difficult times, you don’t have to expect gratitude, you just need to help without looking for benefits for yourself, and then they will help you in return, for sure.

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I remembered hundreds of boys’ answers to the question: what kind of person do you want to become? Strong, brave, courageous, smart, resourceful, fearless... And no one said - kind. Why is kindness not put on a par with such virtues as courage and bravery? But without kindness, genuine warmth of the heart, the spiritual beauty of a person is impossible.

And experience confirms that good feelings should be rooted in childhood. If they are not raised in childhood, you will never educate them, because they are acquired simultaneously with the knowledge of the first and most important truths, the main one of which is the value of life, someone else’s, your own, the life of the animal world and plants. Humanity, kindness, goodwill are born in excitement, joy and sorrow.

Good feelings, emotional culture are the center of humanity. Today, when there is already enough evil in the world, we should be more tolerant, attentive and kind towards each other, towards the living world around us and do the most courageous acts in the name of good. Following the path of goodness is the most acceptable and only path for a person. It is tested, it is true, it is useful both to the individual and to society as a whole.

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IN modern world There is no person who does not come into contact with art. Its significance in our life is great. Books, cinema, television, theater, music, painting have firmly entered our lives and have a huge influence on it. But fiction has a particularly strong impact on a person.

Contact with the world of art gives us joy and selfless pleasure. But it would be wrong to see in the works of writers, composers, and artists only a means of obtaining pleasure. Of course, we often go to the cinema, sit down to watch the TV, and pick up a book to relax and have fun. And the artists, writers, and composers themselves structure their works in such a way as to maintain and develop the interest and curiosity of viewers, readers, and listeners. But the importance of art in our lives is much more serious. It helps a person to better see and understand the world around him and himself.

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The Great Patriotic War is receding further into the past, but the memory of it is alive in the hearts and souls of people. Indeed, how can we forget our unprecedented feat, our irreparable sacrifices made in the name of victory over the most insidious and cruel enemy - German fascism.

The severity of the four years of war cannot be compared with any other years in our history. But a person’s memory weakens over time, and bit by bit the secondary things disappear from it: less significant and bright; and then - the essential. In addition, there are fewer and fewer veterans, those who went through the war and could talk about it. If documents and works of art do not reflect the self-sacrifice and resilience of the people, then the bitter experience of past years will be forgotten. And this cannot be allowed!

Great Theme Patriotic War has nourished literature and art for decades. Many wonderful films have been made about the life and feats of man during the war, and wonderful works of literature have been created. And there is no intentionality here, there is pain that does not leave the soul of the people who lost millions of human lives during the war years. But the most important thing in a conversation on this topic is to maintain moderation and tact in relation to the truth of the war, to its participants, the living, but mainly the dead.

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What really lies in this seemingly familiar concept of friendship? Scientifically speaking, friendship is a selfless relationship between people that is based on common likes, interests and hobbies. A true friend is always there, whether we feel bad or good. He will never try to take advantage of your weakness for his own purposes and will always come to the rescue when you need him so much. He will not only help you in trouble, but will also sincerely rejoice in moments of happiness with you. But, unfortunately, such relationships are gradually fading away.

Selfless friendship is gradually becoming a relic of the past. Friends now for us are people who can help in this or that matter, or those with whom we can have a good time. In fact, if one of the supposedly close friends has a crisis, the friends disappear somewhere until this crisis passes. This situation is familiar to almost everyone. In a word, beneficial friendship is rapidly replacing selfless friendship.

We must remember that many problems that seem grandiose and frightening can be solved without much difficulty if you have reliable friends nearby. Friendship gives confidence in the future. It makes a person bolder, freer and more optimistic, and his life warmer, more interesting and multifaceted. True friendship spiritually unites people, contributing to the development in them of a desire for creation rather than destruction.

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When I was at school, it seemed to me that my adulthood will take place in some other setting, as if in another world, and I will be surrounded by other people. But in reality everything turned out differently. My peers stayed with me. The friends of youth turned out to be the most faithful. The circle of acquaintances has grown unusually. But true friends, old, true friends, are made in youth. Youth is a time of coming together.

Therefore, take care of your youth until old age. Appreciate all the good things you acquired in your younger years, don’t lose friends. Nothing acquired in youth passes without a trace. Good youth skills to make life easier. The bad ones will complicate it and make it difficult. Remember the Russian proverb: “Take care of your honor from a young age”? All the actions committed in youth remain in memory. The good ones will make you happy. The bad ones won't let you sleep.

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Many people think that being sincere means openly and directly saying what you think and doing what you say. But here’s the problem: a person who immediately voices what first came into his head risks being branded not only natural, but also ill-mannered, and even stupid. Rather, sincere and natural man someone who knows how to be himself: take off his masks, step out of his usual roles and show his true face.

The main problem is that we don’t know ourselves well, we are chasing illusory goals, money, fashion. Few people consider it important and necessary to direct the vector of attention to their inner world. You need to look into your heart, stop and analyze your thoughts, desires and plans in order to understand what is truly mine and what is imposed, dictated by friends, parents, society. Otherwise, you risk spending your whole life on goals that you really don’t need at all.

If you look inside yourself, you will see a whole world, endless and multifaceted. You will discover your characteristics and talents. You just need to study. And, of course, it won’t become easier or simpler for you, but it will become more interesting. You will find your path in life. The only way to become sincere is to know yourself.

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Every person is looking for a place in life, trying to establish his “I”. It `s naturally. But how does he find his place? What paths does it take to get there? What moral values ​​matter in his eyes? The question is extremely important.

Many of us cannot admit to ourselves that because of a misunderstood, inflated sense of self-worth, because of the reluctance to appear worse, we sometimes take rash steps, do not act very correctly: we don’t ask again, we don’t say “I don’t know.” , “I can’t” – there are no words. Selfish people evoke feelings of condemnation. However, those who exchange their dignity like small coins are no better. In the life of every person, there are probably moments when he is simply obliged to show his pride, to affirm his “I”. And, of course, this is not always easy to do.

The true worth of a person is revealed sooner or later. And the higher this price, the more a person loves not so much himself as others. Leo Tolstoy emphasized that each of us, the so-called little ordinary person, is in fact a historical person who is responsible for the fate of the whole world.

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It only seems to us that when something happens to us, it is a unique phenomenon, one of a kind. In fact, there is not a single problem that has not already been reflected in world literature. Love, loyalty, jealousy, betrayal, cowardice, the search for the meaning of life - all this has already been experienced by someone, changed their mind, reasons, answers were found and captured on the pages fiction. It’s just a matter of little things: take it and read it and you’ll find everything in the book.

Literature, revealing the world with the help of words, creates a miracle, doubles, triples our inner experience, infinitely expands our view of life, of man, and makes our perception more subtle. In childhood, we read fairy tales and adventures to experience the excitement of search and intrigue. But the hour comes when we feel the need to open a book in order to delve deeper into ourselves with its help. This is the hour of growing up. We are looking for an interlocutor in the book who enlightens, ennobles, and teaches.

So we picked up the book. What is happening in our soul? With every book we read, which opens up storehouses of thoughts and feelings before us, we become different. With the help of literature, a person becomes a person. It is no coincidence that the book is called a teacher and textbook of life.

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There is no person in the modern world who does not come into contact with art. Its significance in our life is great. Books, cinema, television, theater, music, painting have firmly entered our lives and have a huge influence on it.

Contact with the world of art gives us joy and selfless pleasure. But it would be wrong to see in the works of writers, composers, and artists only a means of obtaining pleasure. Of course, we often go to the cinema, sit down to watch the TV, and pick up a book to relax and have fun. And the artists, writers, and composers themselves structure their works in such a way as to maintain and develop the interest and curiosity of viewers, readers, and listeners. But the importance of art in our lives is much more serious. It helps a person to better see and understand the world around him and himself.

Art is capable of preserving the characteristic features of an era, giving people the opportunity to communicate with each other across decades and centuries, becoming a kind of memory repository for subsequent generations. It imperceptibly shapes a person’s views and feelings, character, tastes, and awakens a love of beauty. That is why, in difficult moments of life, people often turn to works of art, which become a source of spiritual strength and courage.

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