Map of Africa in good quality. Map of Africa in Russian. The main attractions of Africa
The continent of Africa occupies 20% of the land surface of planet Earth. Its map of area and population is in second place after Eurasia. The countries of the continent are developing, many of them are backward. Most people live in capitals and large cities.
Africa is located in all four hemispheres at the same time. The shores of the continent in the west are washed by the cold waters of the Atlantic Ocean, and in the southeast by the warm waters of the Indian Ocean. Northern part coast borders Mediterranean Sea. The northeastern coastline faces the Red Sea.
origin of name
There are several assumptions about the origin of the name of the continent, one of which was voiced by the Arab traveler Leo the African (XVI century). He claimed that the name has Arabic roots, from the word “faraqa” - “to divide”. The interpretation implies the division of Africa and Eurasia (particularly Asia) by the Red Sea.
Another hypothesis is related to the Roman conquests of the lands of modern Tunisia in the 2nd century. BC. In the occupied territories, a colony was founded called Africa, named after the Afarik tribes living there.
Area of the continent
The total area of Africa is 30,221,53 km2. From north to south the continent extends 7623 km, from west to east 7260 km.
Extreme points on the mainland
The names and locations of the points are summarized in the table:
Cape Agulhas in Africa | extreme point | Name | Location | Peculiarities |
| South point | Cape Agulhas | South African territory | The place where the Atlantic and Indian Oceans meet |
| Northern point | Ben-Sekka | Tunisia | Has sandy white sand beaches |
| Western point | Cape Almadi | Cap Vert Peninsula, Senegal | Located between the mouths of the Gambia and Senegal rivers |
| Eastern point | Cape Ras Hafun | Somalia | It is an island 40 km long, connected to the mainland by a strip of land |
Relief
Africa is located on an ancient platform, due to which it has a surface consisting mainly of plains and plateaus in the center of the continent and hills along the periphery. Height – 750 m above sea level.
The relief differs in the northwestern and southeastern parts:
The map has a conventional border between the African countries of Angola and Ethiopia. The extinct volcano Kilimanjaro, located 339 km from the capital of Tanzania, Dodoma, is the highest point of the mainland, which is at a level of 5895 m. Lake Assal, which is the lowest point in Africa, is located in the Afar depression. The bottom of the lake is 157 cm below sea level.
Population
The mainland's population is 1.3 billion people. The average density is 25-30 people per km 2.
Accommodation of people (number of people per km 2):
- Nile Valley - 1700.
- Islands: Mauritius – 667, Comoros – 433, Seychelles – 197.
- East Africa, republics of Rwanda, Burundi – 421.
- Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia - 60-70.
- Botswana, Libya, Namibia, Mauritania – 2-4.
- Sahara Desert – 0.4.
Racial Distribution:
- Representatives of the Caucasian race are dispersed in Egypt, Algeria, and Tunisia. In the southern part of the mainland live immigrants from Holland and England.
- Representatives Negroid race occupy central and southern Africa.
Climate
The formation of the African climate is influenced by the position of the continent in the tropics, flat terrain and the proximity of the Atlantic and Indian oceans. 
Climatic conditions in the equatorial belt are represented by high temperatures (on average 26-28C 0) and frequent precipitation of up to 5000 mm per year. Due to this, there is a high level of humidity and the growth of abundant vegetation in the form of impenetrable jungles and tropical forests(Hilea).
In the subequatorial climate zone there is a clear separation of the rainy and dry seasons. During the dry period, the average temperature reaches +30C 0 . Duration from 3 to 10 months. During the rainy season, the annual precipitation does not exceed 1000 mm, the average temperature is +20C 0. 
The territory of the tropical zone is exposed to high temperatures, the average is +35-40C 0 . In the Sahara and Kalahari deserts, during the day the temperature can reach +58C 0, and at night drop below 0C 0. Precipitation is scanty, from 0 to 100 mm per year. The tropics are characterized by dry trade winds and sandstorms.
In the subtropical zone on the northern and western sides there are dry summers and wet winters with precipitation of more than 500 mm per season. Average temperature +20C 0 . In the southeast, precipitation is evenly distributed throughout the year.
African countries
Africa, a map (with countries and capitals) of which includes 62 states, is divided into 5 regions:
Of these, 54 states are recognized as independent, the rest belong to the territories of France, SADR, Spain, Portugal, and Great Britain. 
North Africa
The map of northern Africa covers a vast territory of 10 million km 2. This part of the continent includes the Sahara Desert and the most large countries Africa with an area of more than 1.5 million km2: Egypt, Algeria, Sudan, Libya. Due to the large influx of tourists to the capital of Egypt (Cairo), Morocco, Tunisia, Libya, the economy is developing.
Access to the Mediterranean Sea ensures profitable trade relations with Europe and Asia. The extraction of minerals has been established - phosphorites, oil, natural gas. Industry is developed. Agricultural land is occupied by the cultivation of cereals, cotton, citrus fruits, and olives.
South Africa
It occupies an area of 3.1 million km2. The population is 48.9 million, of which 79% are Negroid. The main religion is Protestantism and Catholicism. 
Largest cities: Johannesburg, Cape Town, Durban, Pretoria, Port Elizabeth. The southern part of the mainland is rich in gold, diamonds and iron ore. Among agricultural crops, residents prefer corn, wheat, sorghum, and yams.
IN South Africa the number of people infected with HIV is more than 6 million people (18%), which corresponds to the scale of the epidemic.
Central Africa
It is located in the center of the continent in the equatorial and subequatorial belts. Territory – 7.3 million km2. Due to its humid climate, it has large forest areas, which are used by local residents for timber harvesting. They grow cocoa beans, yams, rice, fruits, and sugar cane. Cattle breeding is developed in desert areas. Mainly cattle and sheep are raised.
Central Africa is rich in copper, diamonds, as well as cobalt and lead ores. Industry, according to rich diversity natural resources, developed in several directions: woodworking, oil refining, metalworking and textiles.
East Africa
It stretches along the coast of the Indian Ocean, area - 7.7 million km 2. Population - 94 million people, of which 99% are Africans, and 1% are Europeans, Indians and Arabs. The region is distinguished by a rich diversity of soils, vegetation and wildlife. 
Livestock farming is thriving and Agriculture(coffee, spices, tea, tobacco, grapes). The presence of islands comfortable for relaxation (Seychelles, Madagascar) attracts a large flow of tourists. Long-term conflicts between ethnic groups and civil wars have slowed down the development of the region.
West Africa
The western part of the African continent has an area of 5.1 million km 2 and includes 16 states. In the southwest it is washed by the Atlantic Ocean, in the east - the Cameroon Mountains, in the north - the Sahara, the border with which is the Sahel. The first independent state of Ghana was formed here, throwing off the shackles of colonialism.
West Africa It is considered a poor and underdeveloped region, despite rich mineral deposits (oil, uranium, ore, tin, diamonds, gold). The population is engaged in the cultivation of monocultures (cocoa, peanuts, palm oil).
The political situation is unstable: terrorist attacks, coups d'etat, and protests are recorded.
The main attractions of Africa
Africa (map with countries and capitals) is famous for its attractions. The man-made monuments and amazing nature with its diversity of rare species of plants and animals amaze the imagination.
The majestic pyramids of Egypt or the pyramids of Giza
The pyramids of Giza consist of a diagonally located complex of pyramids of Cheops, Herf, Menkaure and small satellite pyramids that serve as tombs for the wives of the pharaohs. The majestic structures are located on the Giza plateau in the Libyan Desert, not far from the ancient city of the same name. They date back to the first half of the third millennium BC, during the time of the rulers of Egypt of the IV dynasty. 
The pyramids served as tombs for the pharaohs. The original height was: Cheops - 146.7 m, Herf - 136.4 m, Menkaure - 66 m. The outside of the pyramids of Cheops and Herf were lined with limestone, and Menkaure with pink granite. Inside the pyramids there are tunnels, a gallery, underground and above-ground chambers with air ducts.
Great Sphinx
The sculpture of the Sphinx is located with its front side facing east, behind it are the Pyramids of Giza. Made in the form of a mythical creature with the head of a man and the body of a lion. The Sphinx's face is damaged: the nose and ceremonial beard are missing. Between the legs of the sculpture there is a granite slab, installed by order of Thutmose IV. Hidden under the left paw is a secret room with an underground passage leading to Herf's pyramid.
The monument is made of limestone blocks, its length is 72 m, width 20 m. The author and purpose of the sculpture are still unknown.
Valley of the Kings
It is a mountain gorge with tombs of pharaohs and their wives from the 16th – 11th centuries. BC, located on the west bank of the Nile, near Thebes. The internal structure of the tombs is represented by a long tunnel and a burial chamber. The walls are painted with paintings that depict the deeds and great deeds of the deceased. Jewelry, precious stones, and expensive utensils were buried with the deceased. 
During the entire period of research, 63 tombs were found. The mummies of the rulers with sarcophagi were transported to the Cairo Museum.
Cairo Museum
Located in the capital of Egypt in Tahrir Square, 650 km from the Valley of the Kings. The credit for founding the museum in 1858 goes to the French Egyptologist Auguste Mariet.
The Cairo Museum is a treasury of more than 160 thousand exhibits of a bygone civilization. The first floor is occupied by voluminous and heavy sarcophagi, statues made of stone and granite, a collection of papyri, as well as fragments of walls with paintings from tombs. On the second floor there were mummies of pharaohs and their wives, jewelry, figurines of gods, and ritual accessories.
Ancient city of Carthage
Africa (map with countries and capitals) contains the history of states and cities that were destroyed during conquests and struggles for power. One such place is ancient Carthage, the ruins of which are preserved on Birsa Hill in the territory of modern Tunisia. 
The city was founded by the Phoenicians in 814 BC. Subsequently destroyed by the Romans in 146 BC, cleared of rubble and rebuilt to form administrative center. Today, on the site of old Carthage, foundations with walls of houses and Roman baths, columns, steles, tophet (burial place of sacrificed children and animals) have been preserved. The Museum of Carthage was erected on the top of the hill.
Bandiagara
In Mali, in western Africa, there is a unique natural complex with the Dogon tribe inhabiting it. This is the Bandiagara highlands. The site is an elevated, steep plain with sandstone cliffs located on it that reach 500 m in height and extend for 150 km.
Clay villages of the Dogon, the guardians of ancient traditions and rituals, were built in the rocks and on the plains. The caves housed granaries, chapels, altars, places for public meetings, and burial places of the Tellems (predecessors of the Dogon). Rock paintings (XIV-XV centuries) are a shrine where ten-year-old boys are circumcised every 3 years.
Victoria Falls
It is located on the Zambezi River, between the two southern African states of Zambia and Zimbabwe. The width of the Victoria Falls is 1800 m, the height is 120 m. The visibility of the fog formed when the water falls extends over 50 km. In the language of local residents, the name of the waterfall sounds like “Buzzing Smoke”.
At the edge of the waterfall there is a depression filled with water and called the “Devil's Pool”. During drought periods, the water level decreases, which allows tourists to swim safely in this backwater.
Dallol volcano in Ethiopia
The volcano is located in the Afar basin of the Danakil Desert, 48 m below sea level. This is a dormant volcano, the last activity was recorded in 1926. Then an acid lake formed in its place.
The color of the crater surface changes from yellow to brown. This is due to the leaching of potassium salts, manganese, and iron ions from the depths of the volcano. Salt crystals and fumaroles create an amazing landscape that has led Dallol to be compared to a moon of Jupiter.
Ethiopian Danakil Desert
The Danakil Desert occupies 100,000 km 2 of the area of two countries - Ethiopia in its northern part and Eritrea in the southeast. 
It is considered one of the most dangerous places on the planet due to its high volcanic activity. There are 6 volcanoes on the territory of Danakil, 3 of which are dormant, 1 dormant and 2 active. The air in the desert is saturated with toxic sulfur vapors, and the temperature stays within +50C 0 . Along its entire length there are acid and oil lakes.
Sahara Desert
The Sahara is located in the northern part of the African continent and covers an area of 6-8 million km 2. The desert sands stretch across 10 countries. Sahara is unsuitable for life due to high humidity and temperature (+50C 0 during the day, below 0 at night). The exception is oases, where inland waters come to the surface and contribute to the growth of vegetation necessary for livestock feed.
Animal world represented by 4,000 species, many of which come to the surface only at night. The subsoil of the Sahara is rich in minerals: oil, gas, gold, copper, uranium.
Namib Desert
The Namib is called a place that God created in anger. The southwestern location of the desert on the mainland played a role in its formation due to the Benguela Current off the coast of the Atlantic Ocean. The Namib goes deep into the mainland and connects with the Kalahari, covering an area of 100,000 km 2. 
This is the oldest desert, its age is more than 80 million years. On the territory you can find rare shrubs, herbs and the amazing Velvichia plant.
In the middle of the desert, dried and charred tree trunks that are more than 1000 years old have been preserved. Sand along the periphery of the Namib yellow color, and in the center it has a red-brown tint. The barchans and dunes extend up to 20 km in length, and the highest of them reaches 383 m.
Giraffe Center in Kenya
The center, founded in 1970 in a suburb of Nairobi, is home to the rare Rothschild giraffe species (no more than 700 worldwide). A program to prevent the extinction of the subspecies is being implemented here. Individuals breed in the reserve and are subsequently released into the wild.
A hotel for tourists has been built on the territory of the center, which gives them the opportunity to take a closer look at the giraffes and feed them by hand directly from the windows of the rooms.
Valley of the Whales Wadi Al Hitan
Wadi al-Hitan is located in northern Egypt in Fayoum. It is a protected area where the remains and waste products of ancient whales (archaeocetes), sharks, crocodiles, and turtles are collected. 
Fossils have allowed paleontologists to reproduce appearance whales Studies have shown that in the process of evolution, land archaeocetes lost their hind limbs, the shape of the body became streamlined, and the habitat changed to aquatic.
Baobab Sunland
Sunland Baobab is located on a farm of the same name in the Limpopo province of southern Africa. It gained fame due to its age (more than 6000 years) and size: height 22 m, trunk circumference 46 m.
Having freed the baobab from the decayed internal part, the owners of the farm in 1933 set up a beer bar with a cellar there. The capacity was 15 people. The interior consisted of two cavities with partitions, connected by a narrow passage. In 2016 and 2017 Most of the baobab tree split and was destroyed.
Kirstenbosch Garden
The botanical garden was founded in 1913 at the foot of Stem Mountain, 13 km from Cape Town. The total area of green space is 528 hectares and contains more than 7,000 rare plant species. 
On the territory of Kirstenbosch there are greenhouses in which plants of endangered species from the savannas, karroos, are bred. Information signs are placed near each type of flower and shrub. Special attention is given national symbol South Africa - evergreen proteas. In areas not subject to cultivation, thickets of bushes, flowers and forests of low-growing trees grow.
Congo River
The Congo is a deep river 4370 m long, located in the central part of the African continent. It originates in the southeast of the DRC and flows into Atlantic Ocean, crossing the equator twice. The Congo is fed by rainwater.
Main attractions of Congo:
- The seven-threshold Stanley Falls, with a drop height of 60 m, is included in the Guinness Book of Records.
- Livingston Falls are sections of the river with rapids, with a total length of 350 km and a fall of 270 m.
Cape of Good Hope
Located in South Africa, 70 km from Cape Town. It is the southern tip of the Cape Peninsula, which, making a bend to the north, ends at the extreme southwestern point, called Cape Point. It is in this place that there is a lighthouse with a sign “Cape of Good Hope” and Observation deck.
The cape has beaches with white-yellow sand and unique fauna (penguins, cheetahs, rhinoceroses). It is famous for the fact that at this place the confluence of the Indian and Atlantic oceans occurs, which is clearly visible in the color and difference in water temperature.
Mount Kilimanjaro
Kilimanjaro is located in East Africa in the Republic of Tanzania. It is a dormant cone-shaped stratovolcano with three peaks: Shira, Kibo, Mawenzi. The highest of them - 5895 m (Uhuru Peak of the Kibo volcano) is covered with a glacier. The tops are extinct volcanoes.
There are 5 climate zones on Kilimanjaro. Up to a level of 3000 m, fruits, forests grow, and meadows bloom. At 4000-5000 m the vegetation gives way to heathland. Above 5000 m, the Arctic zone begins, where there is no flora and fauna.
Drakensberg Mountains
Located in the southeast of the African continent south of Kilimanjaro. The basaltic Drakensberg Mountains range extends over 300 km in length, with the highest point reaching 3482 m (Thabana Ntlenyana). Along their length they pass through the territories of South Africa, Swaziland, and Lesotho. Are part of National Park Drakensberg. 
The age of the mountains is 400 million years, which is confirmed by the presence of dinosaur remains and their embryos in the rock layers. Nature and fauna are represented by rare endemics.
Serengeti
The national park is located in Tanzania, while its northern part smoothly passes into the Maasai Mara Nature Reserve (Kenya), and the southeastern part into the Ngorongoro Crater. The foundation of the park dates back to 1951. The area is 14,763 km 2.
The landscape of the park is flat, with alternating safaris, forests and meadows. The unique flora and fauna contains 500 species of birds, 3 million large animals and more than 1000 rare plants.
Limpopo River
The river crosses the southern part of the continent into the territories of South Africa, Mozambique, Botswana, Zimbabwe and flows into the Indian Ocean. It originates in the Witwatersrand mountains, receiving many tributaries along its path. The total length is 1750 km. 
The river is famous for the abundance of crocodiles and hippos in its waters.
Its basin has a developed mining industry (gold, diamonds, uranium) and partly shipping. Part of the river is part of the Kruger National Park.
Table Mountain
Located in the Western Cape Province 7.5 km southwest of Cape Town. Highest point 1085 m. The mountain is made of sandstone, has steep slopes and a flat top with an area of 3 km, formed due to erosion and weathering.
At the top there is a park with orchids, silver trees and fynbos. For the convenience of tourists, there is a funicular. Through a worldwide vote, Table Mountain was voted one of the 7 Wonders of Nature.
Africa (map with countries and capitals) is abundant interesting places that are worth visiting.
Of these, the popular ones are:
Tourists from all over the world flock to Africa, the hallmark of which is the heritage of ancient civilizations, preserved traditions, the culture of countries and capitals, as well as unique flora and fauna.
Article format: Mila Friedan
Video about Africa
African fauna:
The mainland occupies 1/5 of the land mass globe and is inferior in size. Population - over 600 million people. Currently, the continent is home to more than 50 sovereign states, most of which were colonies until the mid-20th century.
European colonization began in this region in the 16th century. Ceuta and Melilla - rich cities in (in the territory of) the end points of the trans-Saharan trade route - were the first Spanish colonies. Next, mainly the West Coast of Africa was colonized. By the beginning of the 20th century. the “dark continent” had already been divided by the imperialist powers into dozens of colonies (see atlases of the New and Recent history 9,10,11 grades high school).
Almost all African states are classified according to typology into the group. The exception is the only economically developed state on the continent - the Republic of South Africa.
The success of the struggle of African states to strengthen political and economic independence depends to a very large extent on which political forces are in power.
In 1963, the Organization of African Unity (OAU) was created. Its goals are to promote the strengthening of the unity and cooperation of the states of the continent, to protect their sovereignty, and to fight against all forms of neo-colonialism.
Another influential organization is the League of Arab States (LAS), formed in 1945. It includes the Arab countries of North Africa and countries. The League advocates strengthening economic and political cooperation among Arab peoples.
Most African countries went from the era of wars of independence to the era of civil wars and interethnic conflicts. In many African countries over the years of independent development general rule became a privileged position ethnic group, whose representatives were in power. Hence there are many interethnic conflicts in the countries of this region.
Civil wars continued for about 20 years in Angola and Mozambique; For many years, war, devastation and famine have reigned in Somalia. For more than 10 years, the interethnic interfaith conflict in Sudan (between the Muslim North and adherents of Christianity and traditional beliefs in the south of the country) has not stopped. In 1993, there was a military coup in Burundi, and there is a civil war in Burundi and Rwanda. The conflict spread to neighboring states. Civil wars are not uncommon in (the first of the countries of “black Africa”, which gained independence back in 1847).
Democracy is not taking root - for 23 of the 30-odd years after gaining independence, the country lived under a military regime. In June 1993, democratic elections were held and immediately after that another military coup took place, all democratic institutions of government were again dissolved, political organizations, rallies and meetings were banned.
Examples of the struggle for political power in Russia could be continued.
Nevertheless, there are practically no places left on the map of Africa where the problem has not been solved state independence. The exception is Western, which has still not acquired the status of an independent state, despite the 20-year struggle for liberation waged by the Polisario Front. In the near future, the UN intends to hold a referendum in the country - independence or joining Morocco?
Separately, we should consider the situation in the Republic of South Africa, where there is a transition from “democracy for the minority” to non-racial principles of local and central government: the elimination of apartheid and the creation of a unified, democratic and non-racial government. For the first time, non-racial presidential elections were held. Mandela is elected as the first black president of South Africa. Former president Frederik de Klerk joined the coalition cabinet. South Africa was restored (after 20 years of absence) as a member of the UN.
In conclusion, we note that for many African countries The transition to political pluralism and multi-party system became a great challenge. Nevertheless, it is the stability of political processes in African countries that is the main condition for their further economic development.
Map of Africa from satellite. Explore satellite map of Africa online in real time. Detailed map Africa created on the basis of satellite images high resolution. As close as possible satellite map Africa allows you to study in detail the streets, individual houses and landmarks of Africa. The map of Africa from a satellite can easily be switched to regular map mode (diagram).
Africa- a part of the world that includes the continent of Africa and numerous islands. In terms of area, Africa is the second continent after. Africa is washed by the Mediterranean Sea, the Red Sea, the Atlantic and Indian Oceans. In total, Africa has 55 states, 5 unrecognized countries and the same number of dependent island countries. According to scientists, Africa is the cradle of humanity, because it was on the territory of this continent that the remains of hominids, the ancient ancestors of modern man, were discovered.
The climate in Africa is varied. This is the only continent that includes climatic zones ranging from southern subtropical to northern subtropical. Since Africa is crossed by the equator and many areas receive little to no rainfall, Africa has no natural climate regulation.
In terms of nature and wildlife, Africa is the most exotic continent with great diversity, contrasts and beautiful unique landscapes and landscapes that can hardly be seen anywhere else.
Africa– a real treasure trove of various attractions that relate to different civilizations and peoples. The most popular and visited African attractions are Egyptian pyramids, Serengeti reserves, Victoria Falls. In Africa, the modernity of large states and the identity of small, few peoples and tribes are harmoniously combined.
The African world is not just beautiful, unique and inimitable. It is this exoticism that attracts tourists. Africa is a fairly hospitable country, and any traveler will find entertainment to suit his taste. In Africa, you can go surfing, diving, ecotourism, or prefer a calm and measured holiday on lakes or on the ocean or seashore. Africa is also famous for its desert safaris and national parks.
Our resource is dedicated to tourism and travel, which is why maps of foreign cities and countries are so important for my readers. To avoid getting lost in a foreign city or country, visit our website! This article will provide you with map of africa, on which streets and houses are clearly visible. Simply put, here you will see an interactive map of Africa with cities directly from satellite in Russian!
Map of Africa from satellite
Everyone knows what Africa is, am I right? But anyway, I'll give you a little tour. Africa is located near the Mediterranean and Red Sea, a little to the south, in general. Africa is also washed by the Atlantic Ocean from the west, and the Indian Ocean from the east. We have all at least once seen a world map or a globe and should know that Africa is a fairly large continent. And so it is, in terms of area, it is the second continent in the world, after the giant Eurasia. There are as many as 55 states in Africa, of which 4 are not recognized and five are independent territories on islands. In both complexity, Africa is inhabited by about a billion people. Based on the generally accepted theory, Africa can be considered the progenitor of the human race, on this moment It was in Africa that the most ancient remains of early human ancestors were found.
Now let's talk about tourism in Africa. We all know that there is nothing better than exotic travel and Africa is just right for this purpose. Wonderful and unusual animals for our eyes, interesting and different people, a stunning and unusual climate - all this awaits you in Africa. If you have not yet decided which country you want to visit, then below I will give a list of African countries with a tourist analysis. Well, as always, according to tradition, with a bunch of maps, so that if you are already planning to go, you will not get lost in any case!
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