Why was the battle with the Swedes especially important for the Russian troops? Why was the battle with the Swedes especially important for the Russian troops? Why was it especially important for the Russian troops

How interesting it is to know what the Germans thought about the Russian character!!! Song!

From the book of the “Fire Arc” series: Battle of Kursk through the eyes of Lubyanka. — M: JSC “Moscow Textbooks and Cartolithography”

Memo-instructions offered by the command of the German army to officers fighting in Eastern Front 1943

What is especially important to be able to do in Russia?
From the noteworthy experience of one officer after fighting on the Eastern Front

1. Be a hunter. The German soldier in Russia does not meet an equal cultural opponent. The Bolshevik's great advantage over us is his highly developed animal instincts and his insensitivity to bad weather and unfavorable terrain. Anyone who wants to defeat him should feel at home in the forest and swamp. You must learn to navigate at night and in fog just as well as in broad daylight. You must be able to track and crawl like a hunter, you must learn to find shelter in the forest. Therefore, anyone who wants to raise a fighter against Bolshevism in a soldier must go with him to any swampy forest and train him there day and night, summer and winter.

2. Be able to improvise. The Bolshevik is a master of personal initiative, he drops artillery grenades from sailing planes, he immediately uses captured captured weapons, supplies military units hastily assembled from collective farmers with carts and forces them to find weapons for themselves in the forest. He crosses rivers on rafts due to the lack of other means of crossing. He throws reserves into battle in hastily assembled trucks. We learned something from them. In the summer we motorized our carts, in the fall we advanced them with the help of columns of porters, in the winter - on runners, in the spring - with carts. We built mobile winter shelters from plywood sheets. We made the draft horses at the carts into pack animals. When the roads were in enemy hands, we built log ramps across the swamps.

3. Be tirelessly active.
The Russian himself is not at all distinguished by his zeal, but the system of commissars does not leave him alone and squeezes all the juice out of him. Not a single day passes when the Russian does not try to advance, no matter how weak he is. Every day he works to correct his positions, builds paths and fortifications where this moment no military action is expected. At one time we came across strong fortifications in the east of Leningrad, facing east. Consequently, the Soviets, from the very beginning of the war, considered the possibility of encircling this city and prepared for it,
A German soldier becomes careless during a long fight. How much blood could be saved if you worked every day to improve your position. At the same time, thanks to daily work, you can make your room drier, more comfortable, and cozy. How much material can you save if you constantly take care of your car?
A soldier in Russia must understand that setting up positions is not a sign of cowardice before shelling, but his direct responsibility.

4. The Bolshevik fights where possible, using cunning and deceit. Death awaits us in a thousand ways, starting with the Russian civilian population, which in no case can be trusted, no matter how harmless it may seem.
The prisoners, especially the younger generation, are selflessly devoted to the Bolsheviks. They are capable of any baseness. In battle, mines and camouflage clothing play a big role. Only those who are accustomed to unremitting attention can avoid these dangers.

5. Be able to stay awake. The Russian almost always attacks at night, in the fog, and almost always manages to take him by surprise. On the front line there is nothing else to do but stay awake at night and sleep during the day. If there is insufficient observation of the area, even rear units can pay with their lives for their negligence. In Russia there are no concepts: “front line” and “rear line” in the broad sense of the word. Who will let go of their weapons to the east of the old state border, may regret it in the near future.

Central Election Commission of the FSB of Russia, f. 4, on. 1. d. 498, l. 63-64. Copy. Translation with him. language

Where can I read (or rather, download) the entire book? On

Option No. 5126382

When completing tasks with a short answer, enter in the answer field the number that corresponds to the number of the correct answer, or a number, a word, a sequence of letters (words) or numbers. The answer should be written without spaces or any additional characters. The answers to tasks 1-26 are a figure (number) or a word (several words), a sequence of numbers (numbers).

If the option is specified by the teacher, you can enter or upload answers to tasks with a detailed answer into the system. The teacher will see the results of completing tasks with a short answer and will be able to evaluate the downloaded answers to tasks with a long answer. The scores assigned by the teacher will appear in your statistics. The volume of the essay is at least 150 words.

Indicate the numbers of sentences that correctly convey the MAIN information contained in the text. Write down the numbers of these sentences.

1) Camels can go for a long time without food and without water, and scientists have put forward various guesses about the reasons for this amazing ability, only one of which was proven.

2) The resistance of camels to thirst is due to the fact that due to water they are able to lose up to a quarter of their body weight, and the moisture in their blood is retained significantly more than other animals.

3) Regarding the resistance of camels to thirst, scientists have put forward two assumptions: the animal’s stomach holds water and the fat accumulated in the humps allows the camel to endure thirst.

4) A camel drinks a lot and quickly: in 10 minutes it absorbs 10 buckets of water at once, and its ability to go without water for a long time is explained primarily by its ability to absorb moisture in much larger quantities, unlike other animals.

5) Camels are capable of losing up to a quarter of their body weight due to water, but at the same time moisture in their blood is retained in much greater quantities than in other animals, and this is what determines camels’ resistance to thirst.

Answer:

Which of the following words or combinations of words should be in place of the gap in the third sentence of the text? Write this word down.

Vice versa,

Despite this,

As a result

It turned out

Answer:

Read a fragment of a dictionary entry that gives the meaning of the word BODY. Determine the meaning in which this word is used in the third (3) sentence of the text. Write down the number corresponding to this value in the given fragment of the dictionary entry.

BODY, -a, pl. bodies, bodies, bodies, cf.

1. A separate object in space, as well as a part of space filled with matter, some kind. substance or limited by a closed surface. Solid, liquid and gaseous bodies. Geometric t.

2. The human or animal body in its external, physical forms. Body parts. Login to t.(to gain weight; simple). Fall off the body(lose weight; simple). In body(full, obese; simple). Naked t.(Without clothing). Dead t.(dead body).

3. Part of this organism, excluding the head and limbs, torso. Body massage.

4. Main part, body of something. (specialist.). T. guns(trunk). T. mines. T. piston. T. dams(its main part). Vegetative t. fungus(mycelium). Rudnoe t.(accumulation of ore). T. tree(trunk).

Answer:

In which word is there an error in the placement of stress: the letter denoting the stressed vowel sound is highlighted incorrectly? Write this word down.

They're getting through

AIRPORTS

Answer:

One of the sentences below uses the highlighted word incorrectly. Correct the lexical error by choosing a paronym for the highlighted word. Write down the chosen word.

The winning team demonstrated ORGANIC compound dance and music.

IRRITABILITY is a tendency to react disproportionately to everyday stimuli, expressing dissatisfaction and hostility towards others in words and actions.

Potential investors continue to WAIT for the right moment to invest money, assessing the most promising directions investments.

A course in cultural studies, which is studied at the Department of Humanities and social sciences, was introduced with the aim of FILLING the gaps in knowledge of the requirements of military and civilian etiquette.

Answer:

In one of the words highlighted below, an error was made in the formation of the word form. Correct the mistake and write the word correctly.

pair of BOOTS

PLACE THE BOOKS

PLACE on the table

FIVE HUNDREDTH order

WEAR GLOVES

Answer:

Establish a correspondence between grammatical errors and the sentences in which they were made: for each position in the first list, select the corresponding position from the second list.

Answer:

Identify the word in which the unstressed alternating vowel of the root is missing. Write out this word by inserting the missing letter.

ecology

g..mnazist

beginner

this...cat

Answer:

Identify the row in which the same letter is missing in both words. Write out these words by inserting the missing letter.

ra..encrypt, dissolve;

from..move, pos..yesterday;

from..play, by..play;

pr..open, incessantly..constantly;

integral, cop..e.

Answer:

Write down the word in which the letter E is written in the blank.

picky

key..howl (moment)

attach

arid

extra pay...

Answer:

Write down the word in which the letter I is written in place of the gap.

fighting

seen

spinning... spinning

chant..my

connected

Answer:

Determine the sentence in which NOT is spelled together with the word. Open the brackets and write down this word.

Tolstoy’s (un)contrived dissatisfaction with himself is part of his living soul.

The room is cold, damp and (un)comfortable.

He sat (not) moving for some time.

A warm wind is already blowing across the steppe, which has (not) had time to cool down overnight.

Answer:

Determine the sentence in which both highlighted words are written CONTINUOUSLY. Open the brackets and write down these two words.

(C) FOR many days, a strong volcanic eruption continued, clouds of fire above which swirled (Like a whirlwind), increasing in size.

(NOT) DESPITE our love for city landscapes, we STILL (STILL) did not remain indifferent to the beauty of nature in Valdai.

(And) SO, all my brilliant hopes collapsed, and (IN) PLACE of a cheerful Moscow life, boredom awaited me in a deaf and distant side.

It’s hard to even imagine WHAT WOULD happen to me IF the ship was late.

Answer:

Indicate all the numbers in whose place NN is written?

In the preparation of young chess players, what is important is not the time spent (1) directly playing chess, but conscious training, based (3) on overcoming, requiring effort.

Answer:

Place punctuation marks. Indicate the numbers of sentences in which you need to put ONE comma.

1) Let him serve in the army, pull the strap, smell gunpowder, and be a soldier.

2) Now the trees no longer obscured the space and allowed us to see the sky and the distance.

3) Both the elders and we ourselves were terribly frightened and became confused.

4) And at that very moment the royal adjutant drove up to the scaffold and stopped the execution.

5) They were blazing Forest fires and there was a smell of burning in the air.

Answer:

A heavy canopy of snow bent flexible birches and poplars (1) forming (2) bizarre arches (3) that resembled (4) unprecedented winter mushrooms.

Answer:

Place all punctuation marks: indicate the number(s) in whose place(s) there should be a comma(s) in the sentence.

Write the numbers in the answer in ascending order

In Russia, the most (1) seemingly (2) unremarkable and modest person may turn out to be a very extraordinary and significant person. According to K. Paustovsky (4), the writer Leskov understood this especially deeply (3).

Answer:

Place all punctuation marks: indicate the number(s) in whose place(s) there should be a comma(s) in the sentence.

The letter (1) under the influence of (2) which (3) I was going to visit Marusya again (4) was long and disorderly.

Answer:

Place all punctuation marks: indicate the number(s) in whose place(s) there should be a comma(s) in the sentence.

It’s never boring in the forest (1) and (2) if you get sad (3) take a closer look at the most ordinary birch tree (4) that you meet on your way.

Answer:

Which of the statements correspond to the content of the text? Please provide answer numbers.

1) The hero of the story did not immediately recognize the place he remembered.

2) On the site of the old church there was a completely different building.

3) Agnia revealed to the hero one of the beautiful places in Moscow.

4) The view from the hill was still distant and impressive.

5) The hero was shocked by how several square meters of land had changed beyond recognition, becoming a real cultural monument.

- (27) Wait.

-(29) So look!

(According to A. Solzhenitsyn*)

*Alexander Isaevich Solzhenitsyn

Text source: unknown

Answer:

Which of the following statements are true? Please provide answer numbers.

Enter the numbers in ascending order.

1) Sentences 4-5 provide a description.

2) Sentence 28 lists the character’s sequential actions.

3) Sentences 19-20 present the narrative.

4) Sentence 48 presents a narrative.

5) Sentence 32-34 presents the reasoning.

(1) Yakonov climbed the path through the wasteland, not noticing where, not noticing the ascent. (2) And my legs were tired, dislocating from unevenness. (3) And then, from the high place where he had wandered, he looked around with reasonable eyes, trying to understand where he was. (4) the ground underfoot in fragments of brick, in rubble, in broken glass, and some kind of rickety plank shed or booth next door, and the fence that remained below around large area for unstarted construction. (5) And in this hill, which had undergone strange desolation not far from the center of the capital, white steps, about seven in number, went up, then stopped and began, it seems, again. (6) Some kind of dull memory swayed in Yakonov at the sight of these white steps, and where the steps led was difficult to discern in the darkness: a building of a strange shape, at the same time seemingly destroyed and surviving. (7) The stairs went up to wide iron doors, tightly closed and knee-deep in packed rubble. (8) Yes! (9) Yes! (10) The striking memory spurred Yakonov. (11) He looked around. (12) Marked by rows of lanterns, the river wound far below, going in a strangely familiar bend under the bridge and further to the Kremlin. (13) But the bell tower? (14) She is not there. (15) Or are these piles of stone from the bell tower? (16) Yakonov felt hot in his eyes. (17) He closed his eyes and sat down quietly. (18) On the stone fragments that covered the porch. (19) Twenty-two years ago, in this very place, he stood with a girl whose name was Agnia. (20) That same autumn, in the evening, they walked along the alleys near Taganskaya Square, and Agnia said in her quiet voice, which was difficult to hear in the rumbling of the city:

- (21) Do you want me to show you one of the most beautiful places in Moscow?

(22) And she led him to the fence of a small brick church, painted in white and red paint and facing the altar in a crooked, nameless alley. (23) It was crowded inside the fence; there was only a narrow path for the procession around the church. (24) And right there, in the corner of the fence, a large old oak tree grew, it was taller than the church, its branches, already yellow, shaded both the dome and the alley, making the church seem completely tiny.

“(25) This is the church,” said Agnia.

- (26) But not the most beautiful place in Moscow.

- (27) Wait.

(28) She led him to the porch of the main entrance, walked out of the shadows into the stream of sunset and sat down on the low parapet, where the fence broke and the gap for the gate began.

-(29) So look!

(30) Anton gasped. (31) They fell out of the gorge of the city and came out to a steep height with a spacious open distance. (32) The river burned in the sun. (33) To the left lay Zamoskvorechye, blinding with the yellow shine of glass, the Yauza flowed into the Moscow River almost underfoot, to the right behind it rose the carved contours of the Kremlin, and even further away the five red-gold domes of the Cathedral of Christ the Savior blazed in the sun. (34) And in all this golden radiance, Agnia, in a thrown yellow shawl, who also seemed golden, sat, squinting in the sun.

- (35) Yes! (Zb) This is Moscow! - Anton said excitedly.

- (37) But she is leaving, Anton, - Agnia sang. - Moscow is leaving!..

- (38) Where does she go there? (39) Fantasy.

“(40) This church will be demolished, Anton,” Agnia repeated.

-(41) How do you know? - Anton got angry. - (42) This is an artistic monument, they’ll leave it like that.

(43) He looked at the tiny bell tower, through the slots of which oak branches peered into the bells.

-(44) They will demolish it! - Agnia prophesied confidently, sitting still as motionless, in the yellow light and in a yellow shawl.

(45) Yakonov woke up. (46) Yes, ... they destroyed the tented bell tower and turned around the stairs going down to the river. (47) I couldn’t even believe that that sunny evening and that December dawn took place on the same square meters Moscow land. (48) But the view from the hill was still far away, and there were the same windings of the river, repeated by the last lanterns...

(According to A. Solzhenitsyn*)

*Alexander Isaevich Solzhenitsyn(1918-2008) - an outstanding Russian writer, publicist, historian, poet and public figure.

Text source: unknown

Answer:

Write out the phraseological unit from sentences 40-42.

(1) Yakonov climbed the path through the wasteland, not noticing where, not noticing the ascent. (2) And my legs were tired, dislocating from unevenness. (3) And then, from the high place where he had wandered, he looked around with reasonable eyes, trying to understand where he was. (4) The ground underfoot is in fragments of brick, in rubble, in broken glass, and some kind of rickety plank shed or booth next door, and a fence remaining below around a large area for unstarted construction. (5) And in this hill, which had undergone strange desolation not far from the center of the capital, white steps, about seven in number, went up, then stopped and began, it seems, again. (6) Some kind of dull memory swayed in Yakonov at the sight of these white steps, and where the steps led was difficult to discern in the darkness: a building of a strange shape, at the same time seemingly destroyed and surviving. (7) The stairs went up to wide iron doors, tightly closed and knee-deep in packed rubble. (8) Yes! (9) Yes! (10) The striking memory spurred Yakonov. (11) He looked around. (12) Marked by rows of lanterns, the river wound far below, going in a strangely familiar bend under the bridge and further to the Kremlin. (13) But the bell tower? (14) She is not there. (15) Or are these piles of stone from the bell tower? (16) Yakonov felt hot in his eyes. (17) He closed his eyes and sat down quietly. (18) On the stone fragments that covered the porch. (19) Twenty-two years ago, in this very place, he stood with a girl whose name was Agnia. (20) That same autumn, in the evening, they walked along the alleys near Taganskaya Square, and Agnia said in her quiet voice, which was difficult to hear in the rumbling of the city:

- (21) Do you want me to show you one of the most beautiful places in Moscow?

(22) And she led him to the fence of a small brick church, painted in white and red paint and facing the altar in a crooked, nameless alley. (23) It was crowded inside the fence; there was only a narrow path for the procession around the church. (24) And right there, in the corner of the fence, a large old oak tree grew, it was taller than the church, its branches, already yellow, shaded both the dome and the alley, making the church seem completely tiny.

“(25) This is the church,” said Agnia.

- (26) But not the most beautiful place in Moscow.

- (27) Wait.

(28) She led him to the porch of the main entrance, walked out of the shadows into the stream of sunset and sat down on the low parapet, where the fence broke and the gap for the gate began.

-(29) So look!

(30) Anton gasped. (31) They fell out of the gorge of the city and came out to a steep height with a spacious open distance. (32) The river burned in the sun. (33) To the left lay Zamoskvorechye, blinding with the yellow shine of glass, the Yauza flowed into the Moscow River almost underfoot, to the right behind it rose the carved contours of the Kremlin, and even further away the five red-gold domes of the Cathedral of Christ the Savior blazed in the sun. (34) And in all this golden radiance, Agnia, in a thrown yellow shawl, who also seemed golden, sat, squinting in the sun.

- (35) Yes! (Zb) This is Moscow! - Anton said excitedly.

- (37) But she is leaving, Anton, - Agnia sang. - Moscow is leaving!..

- (38) Where does she go there? (39) Fantasy.

“(40) This church will be demolished, Anton,” Agnia repeated.

-(41) How do you know? - Anton got angry. - (42) This is an artistic monument, they’ll leave it like that.

(43) He looked at the tiny bell tower, through the slots of which oak branches peered into the bells.

-(44) They will demolish it! - Agnia prophesied confidently, sitting still as motionless, in the yellow light and in a yellow shawl.

(45) Yakonov woke up. (46) Yes, ... they destroyed the tented bell tower and turned around the stairs going down to the river. (47) I couldn’t even believe that that sunny evening and that December dawn took place on the same square meters of Moscow land. (48) But the view from the hill was still far away, and there were the same windings of the river, repeated by the last lanterns...

(According to A. Solzhenitsyn*)

*Alexander Isaevich Solzhenitsyn(1918-2008) - an outstanding Russian writer, publicist, historian, poet and public figure.

Text source: unknown

Answer:

Among sentences 5-11, find one(s) that is related to the previous one using word forms and demonstrative pronouns. Write the number(s) of this sentence(s).

(1) Yakonov climbed the path through the wasteland, not noticing where, not noticing the ascent. (2) And my legs were tired, dislocating from unevenness. (3) And then, from the high place where he had wandered, he looked around with reasonable eyes, trying to understand where he was. (4) The ground underfoot is in fragments of brick, in rubble, in broken glass, and some kind of rickety plank shed or booth next door, and a fence remaining below around a large area for unstarted construction. (5) And in this hill, which had undergone strange desolation not far from the center of the capital, white steps, about seven in number, went up, then stopped and began, it seems, again. (6) Some kind of dull memory swayed in Yakonov at the sight of these white steps, and where the steps led was difficult to discern in the darkness: a building of a strange shape, at the same time seemingly destroyed and surviving. (7) The stairs went up to wide iron doors, tightly closed and knee-deep in packed rubble. (8) Yes! (9) Yes! (10) The striking memory spurred Yakonov. (11) He looked around. (12) Marked by rows of lanterns, the river wound far below, going in a strangely familiar bend under the bridge and further to the Kremlin. (13) But the bell tower? (14) She is not there. (15) Or are these piles of stone from the bell tower? (16) Yakonov felt hot in his eyes. (17) He closed his eyes and sat down quietly. (18) On the stone fragments that covered the porch. (19) Twenty-two years ago, in this very place, he stood with a girl whose name was Agnia. (20) That same autumn, in the evening, they walked along the alleys near Taganskaya Square, and Agnia said in her quiet voice, which was difficult to hear in the rumbling of the city:

- (21) Do you want me to show you one of the most beautiful places in Moscow?

(22) And she led him to the fence of a small brick church, painted in white and red paint and facing the altar in a crooked, nameless alley. (23) It was crowded inside the fence; there was only a narrow path for the procession around the church. (24) And right there, in the corner of the fence, a large old oak tree grew, it was taller than the church, its branches, already yellow, shaded both the dome and the alley, making the church seem completely tiny.

“(25) This is the church,” said Agnia.

- (26) But not the most beautiful place in Moscow.

- (27) Wait.

(28) She led him to the porch of the main entrance, walked out of the shadows into the stream of sunset and sat down on the low parapet, where the fence broke and the gap for the gate began.

-(29) So look!

(30) Anton gasped. (31) They fell out of the gorge of the city and came out to a steep height with a spacious open distance. (32) The river burned in the sun. (33) To the left lay Zamoskvorechye, blinding with the yellow shine of glass, the Yauza flowed into the Moscow River almost underfoot, to the right behind it rose the carved contours of the Kremlin, and even further away the five red-gold domes of the Cathedral of Christ the Savior blazed in the sun. (34) And in all this golden radiance, Agnia, in a thrown yellow shawl, who also seemed golden, sat, squinting in the sun.

- (35) Yes! (Zb) This is Moscow! - Anton said excitedly.

- (37) But she is leaving, Anton, - Agnia sang. - Moscow is leaving!..

- (38) Where does she go there? (39) Fantasy.

“(40) This church will be demolished, Anton,” Agnia repeated.

-(41) How do you know? - Anton got angry. - (42) This is an artistic monument, they’ll leave it like that.

(43) He looked at the tiny bell tower, through the slots of which oak branches peered into the bells.

-(44) They will demolish it! - Agnia prophesied confidently, sitting still as motionless, in the yellow light and in a yellow shawl.

(45) Yakonov woke up. (46) Yes, ... they destroyed the tented bell tower and turned around the stairs going down to the river. (47) I couldn’t even believe that that sunny evening and that December dawn took place on the same square meters of Moscow land. (48) But the view from the hill was still far away, and there were the same windings of the river, repeated by the last lanterns...

(According to A. Solzhenitsyn*)

*Alexander Isaevich Solzhenitsyn(1918-2008) - an outstanding Russian writer, publicist, historian, poet and public figure.

Text source: unknown

He never changed the order of his studies without special reasons. Everywhere he devoted the morning to reading, taking notes, making plans or other mental work. Getting up early, he immediately got down to business. Having not finished his morning studies, he was afraid to get dressed, lest he leave the study prematurely for a walk. Before dinner, which he put off until the evening, he took a walk in all weathers... He liked to write poetry mainly in the fall...

P. A. Pletnev

He ran around in his sleep and in reality for whole years with some creature, and when it ripened in him, appeared before his spirit already fully created, it poured out in a fiery stream into words and speech: the metal instantly cools in the air, and the creation is ready.

Work was a shrine for him, a font in which ulcers were healed... When he sensed a touch of inspiration 1, when he got down to work, he calmed down, matured, and was reborn...

P. A. Vyazemsky

Of all the seasons, he loved autumn most of all, and the worse it was, the better it was for him. He said that only in the fall the demon of poetry takes possession of him, and on this occasion he told how he wrote his last poem at that time: “Poltava.” It was in St. Petersburg. The weather was disgusting. He sat at home and wrote all day. He dreamed of poems even in his sleep, so he jumped out of bed at night and wrote them down in the dark. When hunger struck him, he ran to the nearest tavern, poetry followed him there too, he ate whatever he could in a hurry, and ran home to write down what he had collected on the run and at lunch. In this way, he composed hundreds of poems per day. Sometimes thoughts that did not fit into poetry were written down in prose. But then came the finishing, during which not even a fourth part of the sketches remained... Despite, however, such work, he finished Poltava, I remember, in three weeks...

M. V. Yuzefovich

How did Pushkin himself talk about his work, about inspiration? Let's read the lines of his poetic memoirs:

In sweet silence
I'm sweetly lulled to sleep by my imagination,
And poetry awakens in me:
The soul is embarrassed by lyrical excitement,

It trembles and sounds and searches, as in a dream,
To finally pour out with free manifestation -
And then an invisible swarm of guests comes towards me,
Old acquaintances, fruits of my dreams.

And the thoughts in my head are agitated in courage,
And light rhymes run towards them,
And fingers ask for pen, pen for paper,
A minute - and the poems will flow freely...

Questions and tasks

1. You have read the lines of Pushkin’s poem that convey the poet’s inspiration and the memories of his contemporaries. What did you pay attention to Special attention? Formulate an answer to the question: what is unique about the creative work of A. S. Pushkin?
2. Consider a reproduction of the poet’s portrait, photographs of his monument and his office. Prepare a message-reasoning on the topics: “The inspired work of the poet”, “Pushkin’s personality”, “Portraits of the poet”, “Monument to Pushkin”, “How I imagine Pushkin” - to choose from.
3. As you know, the desire to resurrect the past century in all its truth led the poet to study materials from previous eras. One of my favorites historical figures was Peter I. The poem "Poltava" describes the victory of Peter I over the Swedish troops that invaded Russia in 1709. Find on your own a fragment dedicated to the Battle of Poltava in the poem “Poltava”, prepare for its expressive reading and discussion in class using questions and assignments.

Be careful with the word

1. What particularly struck you in the description of the Battle of Poltava? Is this how you imagined this grandiose historical battle?
2. How do you understand lines and individual words and phrases? What pictures appear before your mind’s eye: “The east is burning with a new dawn”, “Crimson smoke rises in circles to the heavens”, “Arrows scattered in the bushes”, “Fateful field”, “Like a plowman, the battle is resting”, “And I’m happy for my teachers lifts the cup"? Which literary devices used by the poet to describe the Battle of Poltava and what effect is achieved with their help?

Develop your gift of words

1. Why was the battle with the Swedes especially important for the Russian troops? Support your answer with evidence from history. What examples of text confirm that we're talking about about a historical battle?
2. Compare the description of Peter I and Charles XII(their appearance, mood, actions, etc.). Is it possible to determine the author’s attitude towards the characters from this description? Tell us about one of the heroes.
3. Prepare a passage for expressive reading by heart, emphasizing during reading the tension of the battle, its swiftness, the joy of victory, admiration for the courage of Peter and his companions, Peter’s generous attitude towards the vanquished.

Literature and painting

"Battle of Poltava". From a mosaic painting by M. Lomonosov

1. Consider a reproduction of M. V. Lomonosov’s painting “The Battle of Poltava”. It is known that when creating a mosaic picture, its author conducted three thousand experiments with his students and melted many pieces of glass. What impressions did you get from this picture? What details of the picture echo the passage “The Battle of Poltava” from the poem “Poltava”?
2. Which artists’ illustrations are closest, in your opinion, to Pushkin’s text?
3. In the poem " Bronze Horseman"The city of Petrov is sung. Get to know this text.

1 Inspiration - a creative impulse, an upsurge, a surge of creative strength.

Why was the battle with the Swedes especially important for the Russian troops? Support your answer with evidence from history. What examples from the text confirm that this is a historical battle?

Answer

In 1706, the Polish king Augustus II renounced the Polish crown. After this victory, Charles the Twelfth with the main forces decided to go to Moscow through Warsaw, Minsk, Smolensk. But at the border, the Swedish king encountered strong resistance and turned to Ukraine to give the troops a break. The 16,000-strong corps of General Levengaupt came out from Riga to help the king, but was defeated by the flying detachment of Peter the Great. Charles, having received no support, continued to move deeper into Ukraine, where Hetman Ivan Mazepa, who dreamed of a “Grand Duchy of Ukraine” headed by himself, promised the king support with an army and food. But the A.D. squad Menshikov took the city of Baturin, Mazepa’s stronghold. Karl's attempts to reach the Moscow direction were repulsed by Russian troops.

Then the Swedes decided to besiege Poltava, where there were supplies of food and ammunition and where there were unprotected roads. The dilapidated fortress of Poltava withstood the siege for three months thanks to the courage of the garrison, consisting of six and a half thousand people. In July, Peter the Great arrived with the main forces. On July 27, 1709, the Poltava “battle” began, ending with the defeat of the Swedes. Karl and Mazepa fled to Turkey. Having actually lost its land army, Sweden retained a powerful fleet in the Baltic and continued the war.

From the text of Pushkin’s poem we understand that we are talking about a historical battle: the poet mentions the names of Swedish and Russian commanders (Rosen, Schlippenbach, Sheremetev, Bruce, Bour, Repnin), accurately describes the course of the battle, using realistic details (for example: “cast iron balls” “they hiss in the blood”; the horse, “Sensing the fatal fire / Trembling”).