University graduate cap title. Square academic cap. What types of hats are there?

Carnival costume with a confederate figure for kindergarten

If the event for kids is not a formal event, but an entertaining one, the easiest way is to make an academic cap out of paper.

The cap consists of two parts - the upper part, to which the tassel is attached, and the lower part, the band, which is put on the head. The tassel of “real” graduates is loosely attached to a button, because during the graduation ceremony it is thrown to the other side of the head, symbolizing the transition to a new educational level.

For a children's confederate cap, you can simply glue the tassel into the corner of its upper part, but if you really want to, you can sew an academic cap according to all the rules, even if it is a little more complicated.

We make the length of the band commensurate with the circumference of the head, leaving the opportunity to freely put on the headdress so that it does not tear. To make the top part, cut out a regular rhombus from cardboard.

The parts of the cap are glued together using a strip of paper. It will be most beautiful if you make such a confederate from velvet colored paper.

DIY student confederate

Satin and velvet gabardine are most often used to make confederate shirts.

Option 1

1. For the base we use thick cardboard. Let's cut a square out of it, the side is about thirty centimeters. We cut out a square from the selected fabric, which is enough to wrap the cardboard base with an envelope, plus add a couple of centimeters on each side for the seams.
2. We place the cardboard base on top of the spread fabric, fold the corners and glue them to the middle: first two opposite corners, glue a tassel between them, then fold and glue the remaining ones. Let's turn the cut lines inward on them.
3. We measure the circumference of the head and begin making the lower part of the confederate. We cut a strip of fabric with a width equal to the circumference of the head and a height of about 25 centimeters.
4. Fold the strip lengthwise (the edges are different - 10 and 15 centimeters) and iron it.
5. We unfold it, glue the doublerin along the fold line (along the ten-centimeter side) (six layers, seven centimeters wide), wrap the edge of the fabric over it. Iron it.
6. We turn it facing inward again, then you need to stitch the crown, turn it inside out and bend it along the ironed lines.
7. Gather the fabric and sew it to the top of the hat.

Option 2

We select the basis for our Confederate hat: the most simple solution Take thick cardboard or cut a strip from a plastic bottle 15 cm wide. We connect the strip into a ring and secure the ends with a pin or paper clip. We measure its length, add one and a half centimeters to the seams.

Take a piece of fabric 150 by 150 cm and start sewing.

Ring: fold the cut “face” inward, cut it with allowances for a longitudinal cut of 15 cm, for transverse ones of 1.5 cm. Sew the transverse sections into a ring, insert a plastic (or cardboard) base, and fasten its ends with a stapler. Try it on and adjust the length. We tighten the fabric to make a cap and cut off the excess fabric.

Crown: cut out a rhombus from cardboard and two rhombuses from fabric (not forgetting to leave for the seams). Fold the right side inward and sew together, leaving one side. We turn it inside out, insert cardboard, sew in a tassel, sew the crown and band together.

The higher the confederate cap flies into the sky, the higher the position will be.

The bachelor's degree system came to our country back in the 90s, but the opportunity to obtain a bachelor's degree in all institutions appeared relatively recently. And the further we “walk” with her, the more we honor Western traditions. For example, the ceremonial part of receiving a diploma is no longer complete without the graduate’s academic cap. And this headdress can be increasingly seen among party costumes and graduation souvenirs. Heffalump was no exception, and now you can buy a Confederate hat from us for a celebration or as a gift for a graduate you know.

Academic graduation cap as a symbol of a new stage of life.

The confederate hat consists of a crown, a skull cap and a tassel. The color of the tassel may vary depending on the traditions of the school and other factors, but black is a universal color. Don’t forget about the peculiarities of wearing a headdress. The graduation cap must be worn so that most of it is behind. Then the crown board will be parallel to the ground, which means the hat will not fall off from any movement. The position of the brush also plays an important role. For example, if you have not yet received your diploma, then it should be on the right side of the hat. If the diploma is received, then the tassel is thrown to the left side. If the hat is used as an element of a costume, then the location of the tassel can be anywhere.

The size of the accessory is universal, so even a child can buy a graduate cap. The confederate will be a good gift for a future bachelor's graduate. In this way, you will give him the opportunity to save his money, and the headdress will remain with him as a souvenir of his student days.

Features of the Confederate graduation cap with tassel:

• Material: bamboo fiber, cotton;
• Hat and tassel color: black;
• Gender: unisex;
• Crown size: 25 * 25 cm;
• Universal size, suitable for adults and children;
• Includes: confederate card, simple packaging.

At the moment, judges rarely use headgear. In our country, the only element of a judge’s identity is the robe. However, for a very significant amount of time the judge had a wig on his head. And law graduates educational institutions to this day they wear a square academic cap.

What is the correct name for a judge's headdress?

1. If we go back in time, we can say with confidence that the most common headdress was a wig. The history of this headdress is very interesting. It was first worn in 1620 by Bishop Louis Barbier, and a few years later the popularity of wigs gained phenomenal proportions. At the same time, such a headdress was used for the first time in England as a judge;
2. In our country, a wig was used as the main element of belonging to the judicial society. However, the relevance of this attribute very quickly disappeared with the intensity of the development of our society;
3. Different countries around the world used different, and sometimes very interesting, headdresses. Most often, black and red colors were used in the design. But, in fact, today the dress of judges is increasingly simplified, and caps continue to be worn only in some countries.

How do judges dress?

Today in our country the main element of a judge is considered to be a specialized judicial robe. Clause 5 “Instructions on the procedure for issuing robes to judges of courts of general jurisdiction Russian Federation, norms and terms of their wearing" of the Russian Federation dated January 25, 1999 N5 clearly defines that the robe is issued to judges by the state, and it is a necessary and important attribute of court hearings.

It is quite obvious that the history of the emergence of such a tradition is quite contradictory. And many stories are happy to defend their opinion on this issue. However, one thing is obvious: the mantle is a symbol of a kind of solemnity and a symbol of respect. Many modern people They identify it with the mantle of monks, which speaks of the rejection of everything worldly and of spiritual purity. It's a very symbolic comparison. After all, a judge in reality must be pure in soul, and must make decisions solely on the merits of the case, based on the arguments, evidence and testimony presented.

At the same time, many lawyers draw attention to the fact that the judge's robe is a kind of symbol of state power. It is this symbol that serves as the basis for reminding judges that they administer the law on behalf of the state. It is intended to remind you of all the rights and responsibilities that are assigned to a judge. The judge's robe, in principle, hides everything human - the brightness and originality of the personality, colored clothes, etc., that is, as if recognizing that the judge is, first of all, the arbiter of justice, and he cannot be influenced by human emotions and passions.

P.S. If you need 3D printing of a model of a judge’s headgear, click on the link www.ap-proekt.ru. A professional approach, reasonable prices and high quality await you on the proposed site.

The profession of a judge in our country is considered very honorable and in demand. However, to become a judge, you will need to go through many stages of development. Firstly, you need...

Articles 9 and 10 of the Law of the Russian Federation of June 26, 1992 N 3132-I “On the status of judges in the Russian Federation” directly prohibit any interference in the activities of a judge in the implementation...

Many graduates of schools or universities around the world wear special form. This is a square academic cap and a loose cloak-hoodie. This outfit serves as a uniform; all pupils and students look the same. IN different countries a cap with a square base is called by different names. For example, in Australia it is called trench, angular. In England it is often called Oxford.

What is the name of the academic cap and gown in the USA? Cap and down. Some compare the origin of this headdress with the ancient biretta of Catholic clergy. Others believe that this origin has Turkish roots. They wore yarmulkes with the Koran tied on top.

Previously, only representatives of the highest caste - masters - wore the academic cap. Now all students wear it. Many schools have begun to imitate the tradition and wear items of clothing such as a cape and cap, even to students primary school for release.

In the article we will look at how to make an academic cap with your own hands, what is needed for this, what parts this headdress consists of.

Components of a cap

The simplest version of the product includes the following elements:

• a headband that is worn on the head. May be rectangular in shape or with a triangular bend on the forehead;
• square top surface;
• a tassel made of yellow or red yarn;
• a thin ribbon to which, in fact, the tassel is attached to a square base.

Making an academic cap with your own hands consists of cutting out elements and joining them together.

How to make a headband

The first option for making the rim of an academic cap is to cut out a black rectangle. It is better to take thick cardboard. If you don’t find exactly a black sheet, then you can take any other one and then paint it black. This option for making the rim, in addition to the rectangle itself, also has an additional height for cutting fasteners. This is a strip 2 cm high, which is cut into separate segments, the corners of each of them are cut off.

This is necessary so that it is convenient to attach the square base of the academic cap. Before cutting, use a flexible meter to measure the circumference of the head and add a couple of centimeters to the fold of the paper. You can fasten the ends either with PVA glue or with a paper clip using a stapler.

Another way

You can make the rim of an academic cap using another method. The circumference of the head is measured and a strip of paper 10 cm wide is cut out according to the measurements. Don’t forget to add a couple of centimeters to the hem. When connecting the parts together, in this case you can use separate thin strips of paper or attach the base with tape from the inside so that the fasteners are not visible from the outside.

You can also cut out a square base from two parts and make strips for fastenings on the bottom. But we’ll look at this later in the article.

How to Create a Tight Square Base

It is best to make it from two parts. The lower part is a square in which a hole is cut with the diameter of the prepared rim. It needs to be further reduced by about 1.5 cm. This circle is first cut out with scissors, then cut into separate segments and the corners of each are cut out on one side and the other. Then all the parts are bent inward.

To connect the rim and the square base, you need to smear these inwardly curved strips with PVA glue and attach them to the inside of the rim. Then a second similar square warp is cut out and attached to the first one with a hole. As a result, not a single fastener will be visible and the square base will be firmly attached to the rim.

Making a brush

An academic cap must have a tassel. It is mainly made from threads of yellow or red yarn. How to make a brush can be clearly seen in the photo below.

You need to cut a piece of cardboard to the desired size. Then tightly wind many turns around this base. From above, the end of the thread is threaded with a needle under the turns of yarn and a strong double knot is tied. The cardboard is removed and the upper part is wrapped with thread several times. After tying, the knot with the end of the thread is pulled through the inside of the tassel from top to outside. You can then attach the product to the academic cap directly at this end.

Scissors are inserted into the inside of the turns of yarn and a cut is made with the tension of the threads downwards. If the edges are not quite even, then use scissors to carefully cut off the irregularities.

How to attach a tassel to a square base

When cutting out a square for a hat, before gluing it on, it is advisable to immediately determine and indicate the center point. To do this, draw diagonals under the ruler, connecting opposite corners with a simple pencil. The center of the square will be located at the intersection of these two lines.

To attach the tassel, you need to use an awl to make a hole in the marked center. Crafts made from threads can be attached either to the end of the yarn or to a thin satin ribbon. It is threaded through the hole from the inside and a knot is tied. It’s better to make it double so that the tape doesn’t come out through the hole. From the outside, the ribbon is pushed inside the tassel with a needle with a wide eye and a knot is tied.

If the tassel is simply attached to the end of the thread, then it can be strengthened by making turns in several layers of yarn. A braided braid made of threads will look beautiful.

As you can see, making an academic cap is not at all difficult. If desired, all elements can be sheathed with black fabric on both sides. Then the parts are simply sewn together with a needle and thread.

First, a little theory of “who is who”

"Until recently, in Russia there was only one level higher education. Everything changed in 1993, when their number increased to three: bachelor, diploma and master. Moreover, students began to study for the first degree for four years, for the second, as before, five to six years, for the third - exclusively six. Go to new system solved an important problem: the Russian diploma began to be quoted abroad. Well, not a bad way to enter the world stage.

By the way, the meanings of the words “bachelor” and “master” are not understood the same way everywhere. For example, in France and Spain a bachelor's degree is awarded to a full-time graduate high school. In some countries, a master's degree is akin to a Russian professor.
For specialists, everything is simple: five years of study, a diploma, graduate school (optional) and work in the chosen profession. Bachelors receive a certificate of completion general education a little earlier. It all depends on where you studied: graduates of colleges and lyceums will become degree holders after three years, yesterday’s schoolchildren - after four. Then you can continue to gnaw on the granite of science in the master's program. Two years - and the treasured crust is in your hands! By the way, admission to the master's program takes place on a competitive basis. So only a quarter of bachelors will get a lucky ticket.

What is the difference between specialists and masters? The first ones are prepared for professional work‚second‚ as a rule‚ for scientific activity. A bachelor's degree gives its holder the right to change the direction of study.

The training program for specialists and bachelors is the same only in the first two years. Starting from the third year educational plans diverge. As a result, bachelors receive basic, broad-profile knowledge, and specialists acquire a narrow specialization and practical skills. Master's students are aimed at scientific work. An additional two years of study will allow them to deepen their knowledge in a certain field and emerge from the walls of the institute as experts in a certain field of science.

Bachelors
The degree came to Russia from the West. For some time, this was the name given to teachers of theological academies. At the end of the 18th century. This degree was received by graduates of the Teachers' Institute at Moscow University. Today, graduates of universities with a four-year period of study become bachelors after passing exams and defending a dissertation.

Specialists
This is what they call those who have received higher education. It is interesting that in the 19th century. The period of training for specialists at the faculties of philosophy and law was four years, at the medical faculties - five years. For the best students awarded academic degrees to candidates without examinations and awarded medals. In one academic year their holders could take tests to obtain a master's degree.

Masters
The degree appeared in Ancient Rome And the first masters had nothing to do with science. In the Middle Ages, this term directly began to be used in the meaning of “academic degree.” In Russia, the master's degree was introduced in 1803. Persons who received it had the right to head the department. Now a master's degree is a novice researcher.
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What about abroad?
A BACHELOR'S degree is awarded to students upon completion of the first stage of undergraduate higher education (duration of study in England and Germany - three years, in Scotland, Canada and the USA - four). In France, high school graduates receive it, which is their pass to university.
Students who have graduated from learning programs lasting from one to three years, mostly consisting of practical classes. The Specialist degree is awarded to people employed in education and psychology, and the Engineer's degree is awarded to technical specialists.
A MASTER'S degree is awarded to those who complete the second stage of higher education (postgraduate or graduate), which lasts from one to three years."

Well, some important information for sewing:
"Mantle
The master's and bachelor's capes differ in the shape of the sleeves: in the former they are long, in the latter they have a slit at the elbow and a closed shape.

Headdress
By the location of the tassel on a confederate cap you can recognize academic degree: if it is on the right, then in front of you is a student, if on the left is a certified specialist. Upon receipt of the diploma, a ceremony is held to transfer the tassel from one half of the hat to the other."