Stalingrad is a modern city. History of the city: Tsaritsyn, Stalingrad, Volgograd. Who and when wanted to return the old names to the city?
The settlement on the territory of modern Volgograd was founded presumably in 1555. First mentioned in historical materials like Tsaritsyn in 1589.
The city got its name from the Tsarina River, which flows into the Volga. The name is probably based on the Tatar words “sari-su” (yellow river) or “sari-chin” (yellow island), since a Russian settlement with a wooden fortress originally arose on the island. Tsaritsyn and served to defend the Volga route at the junction of the Volga and Don from the steppe nomads and bandits roaming the Volga. IN early XVII V. Tsaritsyn burned down; built again in 1615 on the right bank of the Volga by governor M. Solovtsov. Trade and embassy ships of Persia, Bukhara, India and other countries came under the protection of the fortress. In 1606, under False Dmitry I, the Volga Cossacks took possession of the city, proclaiming one of their comrades here as Tsarevich Peter, the son of Tsar Fyodor Ioannovich. From here the Cossacks intended to march on Moscow, but the death of False Dmitry changed their decision.
In 1667-1672. The Tsaritsyn garrison took the side of Stepan Razin. In 1691, a customs office was established in Tsaritsyn, and there was a lively trade in salt and fish. In 1707, the Don Cossacks, led by Vasily Bulavin and Ignatius Nekrasov, took the city, but were soon expelled by government troops arriving from Astrakhan. In 1722 and 1723, Peter I visited the city and gave it to his wife Catherine I. In 1727, Tsaritsyn was again destroyed by fire. In 1731, Tsaritsyn was rebuilt and fortified. The city became the center of the military line from the Volga to the Don. In 1774, the city was besieged twice by E.I. Pugachev, but without success.
In 1708, Tsaritsyn was assigned to the Kazan province, from 1719 - to the Astrakhan province, from 1773 - to the Saratov governorship. Since 1780 - county town Saratov governorship (then province). At the beginning of the 19th century. Small industry began to emerge in the city (3 brick factories, 2 candle factories, a mustard factory and a beer factory). Five postal roads ran through Tsaritsyn: Moscow, Astrakhan, Saratov, Cherkassy and Tsarevskaya. In 1862, the Volga-Donskaya came into operation Railway(Tsaritsyn - Kalach-on-Don), in 1879 - to Gryazi and further to Moscow, in 1897 - to North Caucasus(via Tikhoretsk), in 1900 - to Donbass. The agencies of many shipping companies were located in Tsaritsyn. In 1880, the oil refining complex of the Nobel company came into operation, and the largest oil storage facilities in Russia were built. Shipbuilding (large-capacity kerosene barges) and the woodworking industry are developing. At the beginning of the 20th century. There were already over 230 factories and factories in the city (15 sawmills, 2 flour mills, 4 iron and mechanical foundries, 5 mustard and salt mills, etc.), banks, and banking offices. The city was telephoned.
In 1913, a tram appeared in Tsaritsyn, and the first electric lights were installed in the central part. 10 were also open Orthodox churches and 1 Lutheran, Orthodox convent, men's and women's gymnasiums, vocational and city schools, 2 public libraries, 5 printing houses, 2 hospitals, 2 outpatient clinics, a zemstvo animal hospital, a society of doctors, a bacteriological laboratory, a meteorological station, 3 summer fairs were held annually. Trade was of a transit nature: goods were transported from the Volga by rail to Central Russia, the Don and Ciscaucasia.
During Civil War(1918-1920) fierce battles took place in Tsaritsyn.
Since 1920, Tsaritsyn has been the center of the Tsaritsyn province. In 1925 the city was renamed Stalingrad. In 1928 - the center of the district as part of the Lower Volga region, in 1932 - the center of the Lower Volga region. In 1934, after the division of the Lower Volga region into Saratov and Stalingrad, Stalingrad became the center of the latter. Since 1936, the Stalingrad region has been transformed into the Stalingrad region. During the first five-year plans, old factories were reconstructed and over 50 new factories were built, incl. the first tractor in the country (1930), StalGRES, shipyard. In 1940, there were 126 enterprises in Stalingrad.
During the Great Patriotic War(1941-1945) on the approaches to the city and in the city itself, from July 17, 1942 to February 2, 1943, one of the most important battles of the Second World War (1939-1945) took place - Stalingrad, which became its turning point. Initially, the offensive in the Stalingrad direction was led by the 6th German Army, and from July 31, 1942, by the 4th Tank Army. IN defensive operation Soviet troops They bled the main enemy group near Stalingrad and created the conditions for launching a counteroffensive. Having concentrated additional forces, the Soviet command carried out offensive operation, as a result of which the fascist German 6th and 4th were surrounded and defeated tank army, Romanian 3rd and 4th armies, Italian 8th army.
The Battle of Stalingrad lasted 200 days. The fascist bloc lost about 1.5 million people (!) in it killed, wounded, captured and missing - a quarter of all its forces operating on the Soviet-German front.
For outstanding services to the Motherland, on May 1, 1945, Stalingrad was awarded honorary title hero city, and on May 8, 1965 he was awarded the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal.
Our glorious city was completely destroyed during the Second World War. But immediately after the war, he rose from the ashes like the legendary Phoenix bird. In 1961, the hero city from Stalingrad was renamed Volgograd.
Modern Volgograd is one of the most beautiful cities in Russia. According to the master plan of 1945, it preserved the historical linear system layout, and the coastal part was freed from industrial buildings, warehouses, etc., cutting off residential areas from the river. In the northeast, the city is closed by the Volzhskaya Hydroelectric Power Station (in the city of Volzhsky), in the southwest by the Volga-Don Shipping Canal, which made Volgograd a port of five seas.
Our wonderful city stretches 90 km along the banks of the Volga and covers an area of 56.5 thousand hectares. This territory is divided into 8 administrative districts: Traktorozavodsky, Krasnooktyabrsky, Central, Dzerzhinsky, Voroshilovsky, Sovetsky, Kirovsky and Krasnoarmeysky and several workers' villages. According to the 2002 All-Russian Census, the city's population is 1012.8 thousand people. Of these, 463.3 thousand are men and 549.5 thousand are women.
Volgograd has significant industrial and cultural potential, twenty higher educational institutions, a planetarium with unique equipment, and dozens of libraries.
Volgograd, thanks to its favorable transport and geographical position and high industrial potential, performs important strategic functions in the socio-economic development of the South of Russia. The presence in Volgograd of a powerful scientific base and higher educational institutions of various specializations creates conditions for large-scale restructuring of industrial production and transformations of the urban economic complex on an advanced innovative basis.
Heraldry
Flag
The flag of the hero city of Volgograd is a rectangular panel of red color with a double-sided image in the center of the coat of arms of the hero city of Volgograd. The ratio of the width and length of the flag of the hero city of Volgograd should be 2:3. Red is the original color national flags Russia, personifying courage, sovereignty, blood shed for the fatherland, strength, energy. The image of the coat of arms of the city - the hero of Volgograd on the flag symbolizes that the flag belongs to the city. The ratio of the areas of the coat of arms and the flag should be 1:7.
Coat of arms
By official version Tsaritsyn was founded in 1589, but the city did not have its own coat of arms until the mid-19th century.
And this is how the history of the coat of arms began. By order of Peter I, the Heraldry Office or Heraldry was created in St. Petersburg. Her duties included drawing up and approving coats of arms. On April 12, 1722, in accordance with the personal decree of Peter Alekseevich, Count Francis Santi, an Italian by birth, was appointed assistant to the king of arms and compiler of coats of arms. Since 1724, the Heraldry Office begins to draw up city coats of arms in those cities that do not have them. The city coat of arms should henceforth be placed on the seals of city institutions and on the banners of regiments stationed in these cities. The creation of coats of arms was declared a matter of national importance. But the matter turned out to be labor-intensive; it was necessary to collect information about the cities. For this purpose, questionnaires were sent to the cities, which contained questions about the time the city was founded, natural conditions, animal and flora and so on. At the end of the questionnaire there was a request to send a drawing and description of the city coat of arms, if you already had one. The information obtained through this survey is now stored in the Russian State Archive in St. Petersburg, but information from Tsaritsyn is not there. The coat of arms of Tsaritsyn appears for the first time in a collection of coats of arms compiled by Santi, but its author is unknown.
Initially, from 1729-1730. The emblem of the Tsaritsyn Dragoon Regiment was used as a coat of arms in Tsaritsyn. Tsaritsyn retained the status of a fortress, and the dragoon regiment was constantly fed there. The emblem featured two crossed silver sturgeons on a red field. But the emblem was not an officially approved coat of arms.
The actual coat of arms of Tsaritsyn was created in the middle of the 19th century. The first draft of the coat of arms was rejected. It looked like this: a French shield divided into two equal parts by a horizontal line, in the upper part there is the coat of arms of the provincial Saratov (three sterlets on a blue field), and in the lower part on a red field there is a golden imperial crown. On top of the shield was a city crown. The imperial crown symbolized the name of the city in the project. But according to the rules of heraldry, it was not permissible for the city crown to be placed above the imperial one, and the project was rejected.
Tsaritsyn received its officially approved coat of arms only in 1854. On October 29, Emperor Nicholas I approved it, and on December 16, the city’s coat of arms was reviewed and finally approved by the Senate. Here is its description: a French shield divided into two equal parts by a horizontal line, in the upper part there is the coat of arms of the provincial Saratov (three sterlets on a blue field), and in the lower part on a red field there are two crossed silver sterlets. The coat of arms was crowned with a city crown, which corresponded to the status of a county town.
Subsequently, a deviation was made in the depiction of the coat of arms. Attributes appeared that corresponded to the status of the provincial city - a golden imperial crown and a wreath of oak leaves entwined with St. Andrew's ribbon. Perhaps this retreat is due to the fact that late XIX- at the beginning of the 20th century, Tsaritsyn became the largest commercial and industrial center in southeast Russia.
After 1917 the city coat of arms was not used. The question of creating a new coat of arms arose again after Volgograd was awarded the title of Hero City in 1965. On January 10, 1966, a resolution was adopted by the executive committee of the Volgograd City Council of Workers' Deputies "On the coat of arms of the hero city of Volgograd." An open competition for projects was announced. But no one took first place. The conditions of the competition were very difficult to reflect in the coat of arms the heroic exploits of Red Tsaritsyn and Stalingrad, as well as the creative work of the townspeople after the war. And knowledge of the laws of heraldry was clearly lacking. Only after extra work a group of artists from the Art Fund - Evgeny Borisovich Obukhov, German Nikolaevich Li, Alexey Grigorievich Brovko and Gennady Alexandrovich Khanov - the draft coat of arms was approved on March 4, 1968.
The description of the coat of arms is as follows: the general form of the coat of arms of the city - the hero of Volgograd is traditionally heraldic. It is based on a golden-colored shield, divided into two halves by the ribbon of the medal “For the Defense of Stalingrad.” The upper half of the coat of arms is a symbolic image of an impregnable fortress on the Volga. It is presented in the form of battlements of a fortress wall, painted red. The red color symbolizes courage, sovereignty, blood shed for the fatherland, strength, and energy. This is complemented by the “Gold Star” medal, which was awarded to the city, depicted in golden color on a general red background. In the lower half of the coat of arms there is a golden-colored gear, symbolizing the developed industry of the city, and a golden-colored sheaf of wheat, a symbol of the abundance of the Volgograd land. The blue color throughout the field in this part of the coat of arms symbolizes the Volga. The width to height ratio should be 8:9. The coat of arms exists in this form to this day.
Stalingrad is a famous hero city. Many domestic and foreign films have been made about the Battle of Stalingrad, and a huge number of streets and neighborhoods have been named. This article is dedicated specifically to this city and the history of the formation of its modern name - Volgograd.
IN Soviet times It was often possible to find on the map of the fifteen republics a city named by some outstanding personality: a commander, a politician, a commander-in-chief. Stalingrad was no exception.
Stalingrad - origin of the name
In total, the city has had 3 names since its founding. The city was founded in 1589 as Tsaritsyn (next to the Tsaritsa River). Then, in 1925, the city received its second name - Stalingrad, in honor of Stalin, who led the defense of the city from the army of Ataman Krasnov.
Stalingrad - modern name
In 1961, 8 years after Stalin’s death, when the fervor of patriotism towards this person subsided, the city was renamed Volgograd. Back in the 18th century, the city was one of the main industrial cities in Russia, which it remains to this day.
Disputes on the topic of renaming Volgograd back to Stalingrad continue today. People who support the political left, mainly communists, socialists and many older people, believe that renaming the city is disrespectful to history and those people who died in the battle of Stalingrad.
This issue was considered at the highest echelons, at the state level. To reach a consensus, the government decided to retain the name Stalingrad only on specific dates that are directly related to the historical events of the city.
Days when Volgograd is officially called Stalingrad:
- February 2. On this day, Soviet troops defeated the Nazis in the Battle of Stalingrad.
- 9th May. National Day of Victory over Nazi Germany and its allies.
- 22nd of June. Day of remembrance and mourning for those killed in World War II.
- September 2. The day of the end of World War II.
- August 23. Day of Remembrance of the inhabitants of Stalingrad killed by fascist bombings.
- November 19. On this day, the defeat of the fascist army at Stalingrad began.
Volgograd is a city in the southeast of the European part of Russia, the administrative center of the Volgograd region. Hero City, site of the Battle of Stalingrad. On July 12, 2009, the city celebrates the 420th anniversary of its founding.
In 1961, the hero city from Stalingrad was renamed Volgogra.
In 2005, by the Law of the Volgograd Region, Volgograd was granted the status of an urban district. City Day is celebrated annually on the second Sunday of September.
Modern Volgograd covers an area of 56.5 thousand hectares. This territory is divided into 8 administrative districts: Traktorozavodsky, Krasnooktyabrsky, Central, Dzerzhinsky, Voroshilovsky, Sovetsky, Kirovsky and Krasnoarmeysky and several workers’ villages. According to the 2002 All-Russian Census, the city's population is just over 1 million people.
The city is a major industrial center. There are more than 160 large and medium-sized industrial enterprises serving such industries as electric power, fuel industry, ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy, chemical and petrochemical industries, mechanical engineering and metalworking, military-industrial complex, forest industry, light and food industries.
The Volga-Don Shipping Canal passes through the city, making Volgograd a port of five seas.
The city has a developed infrastructure, which includes about 500 educational institutions, 102 medical institutions and 40 cultural organizations, etc.
The city has 11 stadiums, 250 halls, 260 facilities adapted for physical education and sports, 15 swimming pools, 114 sports grounds, football fields, and a football and athletics arena.
The material was prepared based on information from open sources
Volgograd is one of the largest cities in the Volga region, whose history goes back several centuries. The first mention of the city, which stretches along the Volga right bank for approximately 70 km, dates back to 1589, when the Russian state faced an urgent need to protect a new transport route - the Volga River. It was then that the city of Tsaritsyn was founded, several centuries later renamed Stalingrad, and then Volgograd.
Tsaritsyn - the beginning of the history of the city of Volgograd
July 2, 1589 is considered to be the founding day of Tsaritsyn. On the island, the settlers built a wooden fortress to defend against the steppe nomads. However, this church did not save the city from the tsarist troops, who stormed the settlement in 1607. A year later, the first stone church (John the Baptist) was erected in Tsaritsyn, which stood until the end of the 30s of the 20th century and was restored to its original location in the 90s.
In 1615, the fortifications of Tsaritsyn were rebuilt in a new location - no longer on the island, but on the right bank of the Volga. It was here that Stepan Razin stopped on his way to Persia in 1667 and in 1669 during the return trip. His squad captured Tsaritsyn in 1670 after a long siege, establishing Cossack self-government in the city.
In 1708, during the uprising of the Don Cossacks in the Lower Volga region, one of the large detachments led by Ignat Nekrasov and Ivan Pavlov moved to Tsaritsyn and captured the city by storm. In the next decade this locality more than once became the object of raids by Circassians, Nogais and Adygeis.
In 1718, on the Volga coast, by decree of Peter I, the Tsaritsyn guard line began to be built. Tsaritsyn became the outermost fortress on the Volga bank, the fifth in a row. Having visited the city once again, the Tsar promised the local residents that no one would dare resettle the townspeople to Azov, and donated his cane and cap to Tsaritsyn (these items are still kept in the Volgograd Museum of Local Lore).
Two severe fires (in 1727 and 1728) almost completely destroyed the wooden buildings. The victims were allocated land across the Tsaritsa River, thus forming the Zatsaritsyn part of the city (now this territory is the Voroshilovsky district of Volgograd).
In 1765, with the permission of Catherine II, the first foreign colonists appeared in Tsaritsyn. At the mouth of the Sarpa River, the Gernhuter Germans founded a settlement called Sarepta-on-Volga, surrounded by a fortress with an earthen rampart and a moat.
In 1774, Emelyan Pugachev’s troops tried to take Tsaritsyn by storm, but government troops under the command of Michelson, who came to the rescue, repelled the attack. After the defeat of Pugachev's uprising, the Volga Cossack Army and the Tsaritsyn guard line were abolished.
The beginning of the 19th century was marked by a number of events that determined further development cities. In 1808, the first school in the city to teach children to read and write was opened in Tsaritsyn, and the first professional doctors appeared. In 1812, a mustard plant began operating, and in 1820, by order of Tsar Alexander I, a new development plan for Tsaritsyn was approved. In the middle of the 19th century, fields in Sarepta were first sown with potatoes, which had previously been considered a harmful “devil’s apple.”
In 1862, the Volga-Don Railway was built from Tsaritsyn to Kalach-on-Don, connecting the Volga and Don at the shortest distance. In 1870, the first trains passed along the Gryaze-Tsaritsyn railway.
The year 1814 marked the beginning of the towing shipping company, and in 1857 regular passenger traffic on the Volga opened.
In 1872, the first theater was opened in Tsaritsyn, and three years later - a men's gymnasium, which became the first educational institution in a city where one could get a classical secondary education.
The end of the 19th century is an important milestone in the industrial development of the city. During these years, a large oil depot was built, a sawmill, oil refinery and metallurgical plants were launched, and a city water supply system was opened.
In 1885, the first issue of the Volzhsko-Donskoy Listok newspaper was published, and five years later the city public library was opened.
The 20th century began with a big fire that raged for several days. And again the city had to be rebuilt.
In 1913, the first city tram was launched in Tsaritsyn and the construction of the Astrakhan Bridge across the Tsaritsa River was completed. At the same time, asphalt roads, cars and the first electric lights appeared in the city.
In 1914, the groundbreaking ceremony for a cannon factory took place in the city and a pedagogical museum was founded. A year later, the House of Science and Arts was built in Tsaritsyn and a meteorological station was opened.
In 1916, the city completed construction of the Alexander Nevsky Cathedral, which began in 1901, and already in 1932 the temple was destroyed.
During the October Revolution of 1917, a revolutionary headquarters was formed in Tsaritsyn. Soviet power in the city was established peacefully, since a month ago the Bolsheviks S.K. Minin and Ya. Z. Yerman took control of Tsaritsyn.
Stalingrad - the heroic history of Volgograd
In 1925, by decision of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee, Tsaritsyn was renamed Stalingrad. Documents from those years indicate that Comrade Stalin himself was against such a renaming; he even refused to appear at the local Congress of Soviets.
In 1924 Stalingrad by government decree awarded the order Red Banner.
Until the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, active industrial and social construction continued in the city: tractor and hardware plants were put into operation, construction of a power plant began according to the GOELRO plan, and the Stalingrad Tractor Institute opened. By the end of the first five-year plan, Stalingrad had become the largest industrial center of the Volga region.
In 1930, the Stalingrad State District Power Plant with a capacity of 51,000 kilowatts was launched, and a year later the first stage of the shipyard in the Krasnoarmeysky district of the city went into operation. In the mid-30s, a pedagogical and medical institutes, Tsaritsyn Defense Museum, the first Palace of Pioneers and Schoolchildren.
A year before the Great Patriotic War, the only children's Volga River Flotilla in the USSR was built in the city with its own ships and pier.
July 17, 1942 began heroic defense Stalingrad, which lasted until February 2, 1943, when the liquidation of the encircled group of Nazi troops was completely completed. This day is considered to be the end of the Battle of Stalingrad. The restoration of the destroyed city began. In 1945, Stalingrad, Leningrad, Odessa and Sevastopol were awarded the titles of hero cities.
In 1958, the largest Stalingrad hydroelectric power station in Europe was put into operation and the Stalingrad Television Center began broadcasting.
Volgograd: history of the city name
On November 10, 1961, “at the request of the workers,” the CPSU Central Committee decided to rename Stalingrad to Volgograd. The history of the city's name is connected with the Volga. Volgograd literally means “city on the Volga”.
In 1960 it was lit Eternal flame, in the same year, the Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Cuba, Fidel Castro, arrived in the city on an official visit.
In the city, almost completely restored after the war, large-scale construction of industrial, residential and social facilities. The history of the development of Volgograd, incredibly rich in both joyful and tragic events, did not stop for a minute.
In the 1960s, the engine and soot factories came into operation, a new circus building was put into operation, a monument-ensemble “To the Heroes of the Battle of Stalingrad” was erected, and the Higher Investigation School of the Ministry of Internal Affairs opened its doors. During these same years, the city was awarded the medal “ Golden Star" and the Order of Lenin, the title "Honorary Citizen of the Hero City of Volgograd" was established.
In the 1970s, the history of Volgograd, photos of which are presented in the photo gallery on this page, was marked by such a significant event as the awarding of the Order of Lenin. This award was awarded not only to the city, but also to the entire Volgograd region, and five residents of Volgograd were awarded the title of honorary citizen.
At the same time, the Volgograd shoe factory was built,
The Theater for Young Spectators opened.
Volgogradsky was founded in the 1980s State University, the “Battle of Stalingrad” panorama opened, the third urban master plan for Volgograd was approved, the first stage of a high-speed tram was launched, connecting the city center with its northern regions. The length of the line was 16 km (13 km on the ground and 3 km underground). During these same years, a monument to participants in the revival of Volgograd was unveiled and new holiday– Volgograd City Day. One of the significant events of this period was the birth of its millionth resident; on May 3, 1989, Volgograd officially became the 24th million-plus city in the USSR. In September of the same year, Volgograd celebrated its 400th anniversary.
Not less important events happened in the 1990s of the 20th century. At the turn of the century the following were discovered:
State Historical and Ethnographic Museum Reserve "Old Sarepta"
Center for Russian Spiritual and Singing Culture "Concordia"
Volgograd Regional Armenian Cultural Center.
The private art gallery "Vernissage" and the Children's Art Gallery opened their doors.
In 1991, the 1st International festival avant-garde art "Kaiphedra", the Union of Volga Germans "Heimat" was created and the State Don Cossack Theater was established. At the same time, for the first time in the history of Volgograd, pilot issues of Novaya Gazeta and Gorodskie Vesti were published, the Nizhne-Volzhskaya Customs was formed, the Volgograd Regional Center for the Prevention and Control of AIDS and the Volgograd Regional Cardiology Center received its first visitors, the Volgograd Olympic Academy and the Volgograd Institute were created management and the Diocesan Theological School.
In the 90s, the Volgograd Television and Radio Company began broadcasting, the first radio station in the FM range “Europe Plus Volgograd” and the radio station “New Wave”. In 1998, Volgograd dropped out of the list of million-plus cities.
The beginning of the 21st century was marked by the re-awarding of the million-plus status to the city on the Volga (2002). But already in 2004, the number of Volgograd residents again fell below the cherished mark. Between 2000 and 2010 a gerontology center and a representative office were opened in the city International Association to combat drug addiction and drug trafficking, the first stage of the bridge across the Volga came into operation and the second stage of the Volgograd metrotram opened. In 2008, Volgograd received the status of a million-plus city for the third time. In 2011, 28 settlements were included in the regional center.
From its very origins to the present, the city has played important story in the formation Russian state. The history of Volgograd, a video about the main milestones of which can be viewed on this page, continues, the city is developing in all important directions, our descendants will have to say their next word in the chronicle of Volgograd.
- most days of the year the city is called Volgograd,
- on certain days the city is called Stalingrad (days of national holidays and memorable events of the Great Patriotic War: February 2 and 23, May 8 and 9, June 22, August 23, September 2, November 19 and December 9).
Now the city is called Volgograd. The city has had this name since 1961. And from 1925 to 1961 the city was called Stalingrad, in honor, naturally, of Comrade Stalin. And until 1925 the city was called Tsaritsyn. And Stalingrad was renamed Volgograd in 1961 during the reign of Khrushchev, who exposed Stalin’s cult of personality.
Stalingrad is the former name of the city of Volgograd (1925-1961)
The hero city of Stalingrad is currently called Volgograd. The change took place in 1961. But for some reason, the historical name Tsaritsyn was not returned to it. And in 2013, a resolution was adopted according to which the city is called Stalingrad on some holidays.
Since its inception, the city of Volgograd has been called TSARITSYN which was formed on the banks of the Great Russian Volga River (then the river was called Tsarina) by order of Tsar Ivan the Terrible during his campaign in 1589. Like everyone else in the city in those years. which were built to protect Russian borders.
After October revolution In honor of one of the leaders of the revolution, the city of Tsaritsyn was renamed by the communists to the city of Stalingrad.
In 1961, the communists themselves renamed the city of Stalingrad to the city of Volgograd, the reason that they had to rename the city was the personality cult of Stalin.
In fact, Volgograd does not bear the name of the city all the time, but on certain days of the year. Other days the city is called Stalingrad, the only city that bears, one might say, two names; Volgograd and Stalingrad.
Volgograd is a city in the southeast of European Russia, founded by order of Ivan the Terrible in 1589 to protect the southern borders of Russia from the steppe tribes.
From 1589 to 1925 it was called Tsaritsyn, in honor of the Tsarina River on which modern Volgograd was built. And from 1925 to 1961 it was called Stalingrad in honor of Stalin I.V.
Volgograd stretches for approximately 65 km along the Volga River and is one of the longest cities in Russia.
The population of Volgograd is 1.019 million people. By administrative division Volgograd includes eight districts:
Traktorozavodsky, Krasnooktyabrsky, Central, Dzerzhinsky, Voroshilovsky, Sovetsky, Kirov, Krasnoarmeysky.
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The city of Volgograd was previously called Stalingrad, this name suits it well since it stands on the banks of our Volga River, it is a regional city and is the center of the Volgograd region
The city is beautiful and big, I was just passing through one day, but I liked the view at first sight
Until 1925, the city of Stalingrad was called Tsaritsyn in honor of the Tsarina River, on the banks of which the city was founded by order of Ivan the Terrible.
In honor of I.V. Stalin in 1925, Tsaritsyn was renamed the City of Stalingrad.
In 1961, after the 20th Congress of the CPSU, which adopted a resolution on the personality cult of Stalin, the city of Stalingrad was renamed the city of Volgograd.
And, on May 8, one thousand nine hundred and sixty-five, the city of Volgograd was awarded the title of Hero City.
An extraordinary fact; in honor of historical events Volgograd bears the name Stalingrad on the following days; February 2 and 23, May 8 and 9, June 22, August 23, September 2, November 19 and December 9 annually, by resolution of the Volgograd City Duma since 2013.
Now the city of Stalingrad has two official names.
The whole year it is called Volgograd, but nine days a year it is called official name Stalingrad.
This decision was made in 2013 by the Volgograd City Duma.
What else can you add to them? Maybe a small one historical information, and a few words from my biography.
On April 10, 1925, the All-Russian Central Executive Committee (VTsIK) adopted a resolution renaming the city of Tsaritsyn to the city of Stalingrad. But why exactly did this city have to bear the name of a man whose position at the top of state power was still quite precarious? Everything is very simple. It turns out that in 1919, Joseph Vissarionovich stood at the head of the Military Council of the North Caucasus Military District, and it was thanks to his talented leadership that Denikin’s troops were inflicted a crushing defeat near the city of Tsaritsyn.
Now, imagine that the Great Patriotic War is in full swing - 1942. The Nazis, after the failure of the offensive near Moscow, made a new attempt to put Soviet Union on knees. The Nazis are rushing to the Volga, trying to capture Stalingrad and block the water and land communications connecting the central regions of Russia with the southern regions of the USSR, cutting it off from Caucasian oil.
It was main reason, why they fought for Stalingrad to the last drop of blood. But the second important thing was the name of the city - Stalingrad. How could a city named after a Soviet leader be given over to the enemy to be torn to pieces?
Thus, everyone understood who would win Battle of Stalingrad, he will be the winner in the war. And having gathered all his strength, heroic Soviet people, once again surprised the whole world - it not only survived, but defeated the vaunted Wehrmacht - on February 2, 1943...
Someday, I think this will become a reality, I will be able to connect my birthday - February 2, with the date of the end of the Stalingad operation, marking these two events in one of the most beautiful cities in the world, a city located on the great Russian Volga River - Volgograd. Exactly Now called Stalingad, who bore the glorious name Tsaritsyn in his youth.
Now this city is called Volgograd. And during the Great Patriotic War it was called Stalingrad. The battle for it still bears the name of Stalingrad. But the city itself was renamed during the fight against the cult of personality.
Now the city is called Volgograd. The history of the USSR went down under the name Stalingrad, but after the war they decided to change the name for many reasons, the city is located on the Volga River, and this name was considered more suitable.
Stalingrad is currently called Volgograd, a city on the Volga. But in 2013, deputies of the city Duma made an unprecedented decision that from now on it will have a flickering name, that is, it now has two official names: